Can we have a perfect cadence in a minor key?
I understand that, at least in the context of using a major scale, a perfect cadence is V-I. That is, if I were playing a piece in C major, I could play a chord similiar to the G major triad followed by a chord similar to the C major triad.*
What about in a minor key? If my piece is in the key of A minor, would I achieve a perfect cadence by playing an E major chord followed by an A major chord? Or would I instead have to play an E minor chord followed by an A minor chord?
Footnotes:
*I know that some theorists say that its not a perfect cadence unless the highest note of the I chord is the tonic note. For my purposes, however, I'm not using that convention.
theory chords cadence
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I understand that, at least in the context of using a major scale, a perfect cadence is V-I. That is, if I were playing a piece in C major, I could play a chord similiar to the G major triad followed by a chord similar to the C major triad.*
What about in a minor key? If my piece is in the key of A minor, would I achieve a perfect cadence by playing an E major chord followed by an A major chord? Or would I instead have to play an E minor chord followed by an A minor chord?
Footnotes:
*I know that some theorists say that its not a perfect cadence unless the highest note of the I chord is the tonic note. For my purposes, however, I'm not using that convention.
theory chords cadence
edited yesterday
Richard
43.7k7102187
asked yesterday
Pascal's WagerPascal's Wager
1162
New contributor
Pascal's Wager is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
add a comment |
I understand that, at least in the context of using a major scale, a perfect cadence is V-I. That is, if I were playing a piece in C major, I could play a chord similiar to the G major triad followed by a chord similar to the C major triad.*
What about in a minor key? If my piece is in the key of A minor, would I achieve a perfect cadence by playing an E major chord followed by an A major chord? Or would I instead have to play an E minor chord followed by an A minor chord?
Footnotes:
*I know that some theorists say that its not a perfect cadence unless the highest note of the I chord is the tonic note. For my purposes, however, I'm not using that convention.
theory chords cadence
edited yesterday
Richard
43.7k7102187
asked yesterday
Pascal's WagerPascal's Wager
1162
New contributor
Pascal's Wager is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
I understand that, at least in the context of using a major scale, a perfect cadence is V-I. That is, if I were playing a piece in C major, I could play a chord similiar to the G major triad followed by a chord similar to the C major triad.*
What about in a minor key? If my piece is in the key of A minor, would I achieve a perfect cadence by playing an E major chord followed by an A major chord? Or would I instead have to play an E minor chord followed by an A minor chord?
Footnotes:
*I know that some theorists say that its not a perfect cadence unless the highest note of the I chord is the tonic note. For my purposes, however, I'm not using that convention.
theory chords cadence
theory chords cadence
edited yesterday
Richard
43.7k7102187
asked yesterday
Pascal's WagerPascal's Wager
1162
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Pascal's Wager is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited yesterday
Richard
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asked yesterday
Pascal's WagerPascal's Wager
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edited yesterday
Richard
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edited yesterday
Richard
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edited yesterday
Richard
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43.7k7102187
asked yesterday
Pascal's WagerPascal's Wager
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asked yesterday
Pascal's WagerPascal's Wager
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asked yesterday
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3 Answers
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For starters, we can call this cadence an authentic cadence, since by definition that is understood to be a V–I motion. The highest note distinguishes between perfect and imperfect authentic cadences.
With that said, an authentic cadence is simply a root-position dominant moving to a root-position tonic. Whether tonic is major or minor will not affect the quality of the cadence.
In fact, the quality of the tonic chord can be opposite of what you expect and still be considered a perfect authentic cadence. This is pretty intuitive in minor; ending on a major tonic almost makes the cadence more final. But even in major, if we suddenly cadence onto a minor tonic, this is still a perfect authentic cadence. (Although we'd certainly want to clarify that it's attenuated in some way with the unexpected shift to minor.)
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
2
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
add a comment |
Americans seem to call a 'Perfect cadence' an 'Authentic cadence'. And there's this new thing a 'Perfect Authentic cadence'. OK, whatever. Dominant to tonic. Perfect (or Authentic) cadence.
This is a Common Practice, Functional Harmony thing. A world where minor scales are Harmonic (at cadence points, at any rate), dominant chords are major and thus include the leading note. But tonics can be minor. The urge to 'regularise' a final cadence in a minor key with a Tierce di Picardie was not always followed!
So, G7 - C is a Perfect cadence. So is E7 - Am. And we don't have to change that to E7 - A in order to make it one.
Em - Am does happen, and it has every right to be considered some sort of a cadence. But it isn't a Perfect one.
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
3
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
2
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
2
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
|
show 1 more comment
Yes. It is possible to have a perfect cadence in a minor key. The final chord needn't be major: in the key of a minor, the chords E major followed by a minor are a V-i cadence, which is a perfect cadence.
(It doesn't matter what notes are on the tops of either of the chords.)
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
add a comment |
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3 Answers
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3 Answers
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For starters, we can call this cadence an authentic cadence, since by definition that is understood to be a V–I motion. The highest note distinguishes between perfect and imperfect authentic cadences.
With that said, an authentic cadence is simply a root-position dominant moving to a root-position tonic. Whether tonic is major or minor will not affect the quality of the cadence.
In fact, the quality of the tonic chord can be opposite of what you expect and still be considered a perfect authentic cadence. This is pretty intuitive in minor; ending on a major tonic almost makes the cadence more final. But even in major, if we suddenly cadence onto a minor tonic, this is still a perfect authentic cadence. (Although we'd certainly want to clarify that it's attenuated in some way with the unexpected shift to minor.)
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
2
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
add a comment |
For starters, we can call this cadence an authentic cadence, since by definition that is understood to be a V–I motion. The highest note distinguishes between perfect and imperfect authentic cadences.
With that said, an authentic cadence is simply a root-position dominant moving to a root-position tonic. Whether tonic is major or minor will not affect the quality of the cadence.
In fact, the quality of the tonic chord can be opposite of what you expect and still be considered a perfect authentic cadence. This is pretty intuitive in minor; ending on a major tonic almost makes the cadence more final. But even in major, if we suddenly cadence onto a minor tonic, this is still a perfect authentic cadence. (Although we'd certainly want to clarify that it's attenuated in some way with the unexpected shift to minor.)
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
2
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
add a comment |
For starters, we can call this cadence an authentic cadence, since by definition that is understood to be a V–I motion. The highest note distinguishes between perfect and imperfect authentic cadences.
With that said, an authentic cadence is simply a root-position dominant moving to a root-position tonic. Whether tonic is major or minor will not affect the quality of the cadence.
In fact, the quality of the tonic chord can be opposite of what you expect and still be considered a perfect authentic cadence. This is pretty intuitive in minor; ending on a major tonic almost makes the cadence more final. But even in major, if we suddenly cadence onto a minor tonic, this is still a perfect authentic cadence. (Although we'd certainly want to clarify that it's attenuated in some way with the unexpected shift to minor.)
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
For starters, we can call this cadence an authentic cadence, since by definition that is understood to be a V–I motion. The highest note distinguishes between perfect and imperfect authentic cadences.
With that said, an authentic cadence is simply a root-position dominant moving to a root-position tonic. Whether tonic is major or minor will not affect the quality of the cadence.
In fact, the quality of the tonic chord can be opposite of what you expect and still be considered a perfect authentic cadence. This is pretty intuitive in minor; ending on a major tonic almost makes the cadence more final. But even in major, if we suddenly cadence onto a minor tonic, this is still a perfect authentic cadence. (Although we'd certainly want to clarify that it's attenuated in some way with the unexpected shift to minor.)
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
answered yesterday
RichardRichard
43.7k7102187
43.7k7102187
2
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
add a comment |
2
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
2
2
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
'Imperfect authentic' cadence gets dangerously close to the UK 'imperfect cadence', which is the reverse of our 'perfect' cadence, i.e. I>V. Confusing, init?
– Tim
yesterday
add a comment |
Americans seem to call a 'Perfect cadence' an 'Authentic cadence'. And there's this new thing a 'Perfect Authentic cadence'. OK, whatever. Dominant to tonic. Perfect (or Authentic) cadence.
This is a Common Practice, Functional Harmony thing. A world where minor scales are Harmonic (at cadence points, at any rate), dominant chords are major and thus include the leading note. But tonics can be minor. The urge to 'regularise' a final cadence in a minor key with a Tierce di Picardie was not always followed!
So, G7 - C is a Perfect cadence. So is E7 - Am. And we don't have to change that to E7 - A in order to make it one.
Em - Am does happen, and it has every right to be considered some sort of a cadence. But it isn't a Perfect one.
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
3
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
2
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
2
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
|
show 1 more comment
Americans seem to call a 'Perfect cadence' an 'Authentic cadence'. And there's this new thing a 'Perfect Authentic cadence'. OK, whatever. Dominant to tonic. Perfect (or Authentic) cadence.
This is a Common Practice, Functional Harmony thing. A world where minor scales are Harmonic (at cadence points, at any rate), dominant chords are major and thus include the leading note. But tonics can be minor. The urge to 'regularise' a final cadence in a minor key with a Tierce di Picardie was not always followed!
So, G7 - C is a Perfect cadence. So is E7 - Am. And we don't have to change that to E7 - A in order to make it one.
Em - Am does happen, and it has every right to be considered some sort of a cadence. But it isn't a Perfect one.
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
3
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
2
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
2
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
|
show 1 more comment
Americans seem to call a 'Perfect cadence' an 'Authentic cadence'. And there's this new thing a 'Perfect Authentic cadence'. OK, whatever. Dominant to tonic. Perfect (or Authentic) cadence.
This is a Common Practice, Functional Harmony thing. A world where minor scales are Harmonic (at cadence points, at any rate), dominant chords are major and thus include the leading note. But tonics can be minor. The urge to 'regularise' a final cadence in a minor key with a Tierce di Picardie was not always followed!
So, G7 - C is a Perfect cadence. So is E7 - Am. And we don't have to change that to E7 - A in order to make it one.
Em - Am does happen, and it has every right to be considered some sort of a cadence. But it isn't a Perfect one.
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
Americans seem to call a 'Perfect cadence' an 'Authentic cadence'. And there's this new thing a 'Perfect Authentic cadence'. OK, whatever. Dominant to tonic. Perfect (or Authentic) cadence.
This is a Common Practice, Functional Harmony thing. A world where minor scales are Harmonic (at cadence points, at any rate), dominant chords are major and thus include the leading note. But tonics can be minor. The urge to 'regularise' a final cadence in a minor key with a Tierce di Picardie was not always followed!
So, G7 - C is a Perfect cadence. So is E7 - Am. And we don't have to change that to E7 - A in order to make it one.
Em - Am does happen, and it has every right to be considered some sort of a cadence. But it isn't a Perfect one.
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
answered yesterday
Laurence PayneLaurence Payne
36.7k1671
36.7k1671
3
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
2
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
2
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
|
show 1 more comment
3
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
2
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
2
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
3
3
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
I have music theory books written in the 1970s that teach the “perfect authentic cadence”. I’m not sure how old the term is beyond that but I’m not convinced it’s “new”.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
2
2
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - probably not that new, but certainly U.S. based. In U.K. it's not a term used often, in fact, in exams, the four main cadences are the only ones used: perfect, imperfect, interrupted and plagal. Not sure, but U.S. most likely don't use any of those terms!
– Tim
yesterday
2
2
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@Tim I was taught all of those terms. In the U.S.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
A book called Woodruff’s Comprehensive Music Course from 1899 has a section on the “perfect authentic cadence”. It does appear to be an American book.
– Todd Wilcox
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
@ToddWilcox - it would be good to have a list of all cadences, to use as a reference point.
– Tim
yesterday
|
show 1 more comment
Yes. It is possible to have a perfect cadence in a minor key. The final chord needn't be major: in the key of a minor, the chords E major followed by a minor are a V-i cadence, which is a perfect cadence.
(It doesn't matter what notes are on the tops of either of the chords.)
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
add a comment |
Yes. It is possible to have a perfect cadence in a minor key. The final chord needn't be major: in the key of a minor, the chords E major followed by a minor are a V-i cadence, which is a perfect cadence.
(It doesn't matter what notes are on the tops of either of the chords.)
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
add a comment |
Yes. It is possible to have a perfect cadence in a minor key. The final chord needn't be major: in the key of a minor, the chords E major followed by a minor are a V-i cadence, which is a perfect cadence.
(It doesn't matter what notes are on the tops of either of the chords.)
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
Yes. It is possible to have a perfect cadence in a minor key. The final chord needn't be major: in the key of a minor, the chords E major followed by a minor are a V-i cadence, which is a perfect cadence.
(It doesn't matter what notes are on the tops of either of the chords.)
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
answered 6 hours ago
Rosie FRosie F
1,441314
1,441314
add a comment |
add a comment |
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