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How do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?



The Next CEO of Stack OverflowWhich measurement units should one use in LaTeX?newcommand vs. DeclareMathOperatorsubseteq + circ as a single symbol (“open subset”)The mysteries of mathpaletteCreate big fat green arrow like in excelProper use of mathchoiceHow to make this curly 'R' (ℛ)?Symbol for a “twisted product”?A symbol of triangle with “infinite” lengthHow to draw a curly R symbol if can't be found available in packages and available symbolsFinding the package of a Detexify Symbolhow do you write the grad operator?How do you make the in symbol smaller?Detexify couldn't help me find >— and —<, can you?How to make own character map?Detexify-like service where I can paste a symbolHow do you make a big Laplace Transform symbolHow to create your own integral sign with limitsCan't “detexify” this symbol for the exponential functionHow do you make this symbol in math mode?










39















My first visit to TeX.SX came when I was looking for a symbol for a twisted product:



enter image description here



I knew about Detexify and the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List, but I could not find the symbol there. I tried the construction that was obvious to me, namely oversetscriptstyle simtimes, but the sim was much too high. I Googled, and found this solution by @Hendrik Vogt. Thus I learned about smash.



Later I needed the same symbol in a subscript, ultimately learning about mathchoice and ooalign. Since then I have found that many questions on TeX.SX needed similar techniques. I though it would be a good idea to have a single question whose answers gave visitors with modest LaTeX skills general guidelines on constructing new symbols using LaTeX and related systems.



So, how do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?










share|improve this question
























  • As a way to condense the syntax of mathchoice, see the ThisStyle...SavedStyle... syntax of the scalerel package, first introduced here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/43978/proper-use-of-mathchoice/…

    – Steven B. Segletes
    Mar 22 at 0:18















39















My first visit to TeX.SX came when I was looking for a symbol for a twisted product:



enter image description here



I knew about Detexify and the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List, but I could not find the symbol there. I tried the construction that was obvious to me, namely oversetscriptstyle simtimes, but the sim was much too high. I Googled, and found this solution by @Hendrik Vogt. Thus I learned about smash.



Later I needed the same symbol in a subscript, ultimately learning about mathchoice and ooalign. Since then I have found that many questions on TeX.SX needed similar techniques. I though it would be a good idea to have a single question whose answers gave visitors with modest LaTeX skills general guidelines on constructing new symbols using LaTeX and related systems.



So, how do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?










share|improve this question
























  • As a way to condense the syntax of mathchoice, see the ThisStyle...SavedStyle... syntax of the scalerel package, first introduced here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/43978/proper-use-of-mathchoice/…

    – Steven B. Segletes
    Mar 22 at 0:18













39












39








39


20






My first visit to TeX.SX came when I was looking for a symbol for a twisted product:



enter image description here



I knew about Detexify and the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List, but I could not find the symbol there. I tried the construction that was obvious to me, namely oversetscriptstyle simtimes, but the sim was much too high. I Googled, and found this solution by @Hendrik Vogt. Thus I learned about smash.



Later I needed the same symbol in a subscript, ultimately learning about mathchoice and ooalign. Since then I have found that many questions on TeX.SX needed similar techniques. I though it would be a good idea to have a single question whose answers gave visitors with modest LaTeX skills general guidelines on constructing new symbols using LaTeX and related systems.



So, how do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?










share|improve this question
















My first visit to TeX.SX came when I was looking for a symbol for a twisted product:



enter image description here



I knew about Detexify and the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List, but I could not find the symbol there. I tried the construction that was obvious to me, namely oversetscriptstyle simtimes, but the sim was much too high. I Googled, and found this solution by @Hendrik Vogt. Thus I learned about smash.



Later I needed the same symbol in a subscript, ultimately learning about mathchoice and ooalign. Since then I have found that many questions on TeX.SX needed similar techniques. I though it would be a good idea to have a single question whose answers gave visitors with modest LaTeX skills general guidelines on constructing new symbols using LaTeX and related systems.



So, how do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?







math-mode symbols math-operators






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Mar 21 at 20:44







Sandy G

















asked Mar 21 at 20:27









Sandy GSandy G

4,3201635




4,3201635












  • As a way to condense the syntax of mathchoice, see the ThisStyle...SavedStyle... syntax of the scalerel package, first introduced here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/43978/proper-use-of-mathchoice/…

    – Steven B. Segletes
    Mar 22 at 0:18

















  • As a way to condense the syntax of mathchoice, see the ThisStyle...SavedStyle... syntax of the scalerel package, first introduced here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/43978/proper-use-of-mathchoice/…

    – Steven B. Segletes
    Mar 22 at 0:18
















As a way to condense the syntax of mathchoice, see the ThisStyle...SavedStyle... syntax of the scalerel package, first introduced here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/43978/proper-use-of-mathchoice/…

– Steven B. Segletes
Mar 22 at 0:18





As a way to condense the syntax of mathchoice, see the ThisStyle...SavedStyle... syntax of the scalerel package, first introduced here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/43978/proper-use-of-mathchoice/…

– Steven B. Segletes
Mar 22 at 0:18










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















44














If it's really not in Detexify, check the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List to see if your symbol can be found in an existing package. Note, The Comprehensive List is long! Over 300 pages. But it is searchable, well-organized, and has a good table of contents and index.



If that doesn't help, it may be time to design your own symbol. It's probably best to give your new symbol a name so it can be used repeatedly and transported more easily into another document.



If your symbol will be used as an operator with limits (like an integral or summation), you should use the DeclareMathOperator or DeclareMathOperator* command. Both of these use the amsmath package. The unstarred version places sub- and superscript limits to the right of the operator; the starred version places limits above and below the operator when it is in displaystyle. To illustrate:



DeclareMathOperator*squareopsquare
DeclareMathOperatortriangleopbigtriangleup


[Note that square uses the amssymb package.]



Then the code



[
squareop_n=1^infty a_n qquad triangleop_n=1^infty a_n
]


will produce the following output:



enter image description here



More information on DeclareMathOperator can be found in this answer by @Andrew Swann.



If your symbol is not going to be used in that fashion, you should probably use newcommand.



If your symbol is a math symbol: Is it a binary operator (such as + or times)? A binary relation (such as < or leq)? Or an ordinary math symbol (such as ! or infty)? The spacing is different for each case. Compare the three versions for the symbol times:



newcommandreltimesmathreltimes
newcommandbintimesmathbintimes
newcommandchrtimestimes


Then noindent $areltimes b newline abintimes b newline achrtimes b$ will produce the output:



enter image description here



Note the extra set of curly braces in chrtimes. If you remove them you'll get the same output as mathbintimes, since times is by default a binary operator. You can enclose most math symbols in to turn them into ordinary math symbols.



Typically, binary relations have slightly more space than binary operators, and significantly more than ordinary symbols. However, the spacing changes when these appear as sub- or superscripts. All three examples above will look like A_atimes b if placed in a subscript.



Many new symbols can be created by modifying or combining existing symbols. To rotate, scale or reflect existing symbols, use the graphicx or graphics package. Documentation is here. The commands are rotatebox, scalebox, resizebox and reflectbox.



For example, if you want a cong symbol (≅), but with the tilde reversed, the reflectbox command from graphicx can be used. The code



newcommandbackcongmathrelreflectbox$cong$


will produce the desired effect with the code $Abackcong B$.



enter image description here



If you try using this code in a subscript (for example, $X_Abackcong B$), the new symbol will not scale down as it should. This is resolved below below using mathchoice.



To combine multiple symbols (math or text) the ooalign command can be used. @egreg has a detailed explanation here. The basic idea is that ooalign creates a one-column table, with all rows superimposed on one another, and no padding outside the column. Each row of the "table" ends with cr. Entries can be centered in the column using hfil.



For example, to produce



enter image description here



we superimpose a circ symbol with a text T character. The command



newcommandTcircmathbin%
ooalignhfil$circ$hfilcrhfil Thfilcr%



together with $ATcirc B$ produces the output.



To make sure your symbol looks right whether it's displayed, inline, script or scriptscript, you can use mathchoice. (Note mathpalette (explained here by @egreg and @Werner) can be used when the four versions are identical except for style.)



mathchoice
<do this if called in displaystyle>
<do this if called in textstyle>
<do this if called in scriptstyle>
<do this if called in scriptscriptstyle>


The above code will produce the corresponding output for each of the four math styles.



To illustrate, here is a solution to the twisted product question that will adjust to scripts and scriptscripts.



newcommandtwprodmathbinmathchoice%
ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
ooalignhfilraisebox.85exmbox$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptstyletimes$hfilcr%
ooalignhfilraisebox.65exscalebox.8$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptscriptstyletimes$hfilcr%



enter image description here



S^2twprod S^2 quad F_S^2twprod S^2 quad F_K_S^2twprod S^2


I downsized the sim in each style so it fit better over the times.



Similar effects can be obtained using stackengine. Documentation is here.



If you can't create your symbol by combining or modifying others, you can design your symbol from scratch using tikz, together with the ideas above. Here is an example by @marmot.






share|improve this answer
































    14














    Another possibility with the stackinset command, from stackengine:



    documentclass[border = 2pt]standalone

    usepackagestackengine, graphicx %

    newcommandsimtimesstackMathmathbinmathchoice%
    stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
    stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
    stackinsetc0exc0.7exscalebox 0.67$scriptstylesim $scriptstyletimes%
    stackinsetc0exc0.6exscalebox 0.67$scriptscriptstylesim $scriptscriptstyletimes%


    begindocument

    $ S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_K_S^2 simtimes S^2$

    enddocument


    enter image description here






    share|improve this answer






























      14














      I'd like to expand a bit on the "build the symbol from scratch" part. There are some very simple basic principles that help making the symbol scalable:



      • Use relative length scales for all dimensions. These are explained very nicely in this answer. The most important feature (for the purposes here) is that they scale with the font size.

      • Use relative length scales for the line widths.

      • Consider using the baseline option.

      An example is given in this post:



      documentclassarticle
      usepackagetikz
      newcommandinftrianbegintikzpicture[baseline=-0.25em]
      draw[line width=0.075em] (-45:0.5em) -- (105:0.5em) (-15:0.5em) -- (-165:0.5em) (-135:0.5em) -- (75:0.5em);
      endtikzpicture
      begindocument
      ABC inftrian DEF
      enddocument


      enter image description here



      You can combine this with all that has been said in Sandy G's nice answer about mathchoice. The thing I like about TikZ, though, is that it is IMHO particularly intuitive to design the symbol since it offers polar and Cartesian coordinates, and works with all common compilers (latex, pdflatex, xelatex and lualatex, and even tex, though the syntax is slightly different). A potential drawback of the simple example above is that it does not detect the font weight and so on. I do not know if this has been discussed somewhere, nor do I know if there is a foolproof way of finding out the current font weight and so on. On the other hand, in many situations one may not need these features.






      share|improve this answer

























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        3 Answers
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        44














        If it's really not in Detexify, check the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List to see if your symbol can be found in an existing package. Note, The Comprehensive List is long! Over 300 pages. But it is searchable, well-organized, and has a good table of contents and index.



        If that doesn't help, it may be time to design your own symbol. It's probably best to give your new symbol a name so it can be used repeatedly and transported more easily into another document.



        If your symbol will be used as an operator with limits (like an integral or summation), you should use the DeclareMathOperator or DeclareMathOperator* command. Both of these use the amsmath package. The unstarred version places sub- and superscript limits to the right of the operator; the starred version places limits above and below the operator when it is in displaystyle. To illustrate:



        DeclareMathOperator*squareopsquare
        DeclareMathOperatortriangleopbigtriangleup


        [Note that square uses the amssymb package.]



        Then the code



        [
        squareop_n=1^infty a_n qquad triangleop_n=1^infty a_n
        ]


        will produce the following output:



        enter image description here



        More information on DeclareMathOperator can be found in this answer by @Andrew Swann.



        If your symbol is not going to be used in that fashion, you should probably use newcommand.



        If your symbol is a math symbol: Is it a binary operator (such as + or times)? A binary relation (such as < or leq)? Or an ordinary math symbol (such as ! or infty)? The spacing is different for each case. Compare the three versions for the symbol times:



        newcommandreltimesmathreltimes
        newcommandbintimesmathbintimes
        newcommandchrtimestimes


        Then noindent $areltimes b newline abintimes b newline achrtimes b$ will produce the output:



        enter image description here



        Note the extra set of curly braces in chrtimes. If you remove them you'll get the same output as mathbintimes, since times is by default a binary operator. You can enclose most math symbols in to turn them into ordinary math symbols.



        Typically, binary relations have slightly more space than binary operators, and significantly more than ordinary symbols. However, the spacing changes when these appear as sub- or superscripts. All three examples above will look like A_atimes b if placed in a subscript.



        Many new symbols can be created by modifying or combining existing symbols. To rotate, scale or reflect existing symbols, use the graphicx or graphics package. Documentation is here. The commands are rotatebox, scalebox, resizebox and reflectbox.



        For example, if you want a cong symbol (≅), but with the tilde reversed, the reflectbox command from graphicx can be used. The code



        newcommandbackcongmathrelreflectbox$cong$


        will produce the desired effect with the code $Abackcong B$.



        enter image description here



        If you try using this code in a subscript (for example, $X_Abackcong B$), the new symbol will not scale down as it should. This is resolved below below using mathchoice.



        To combine multiple symbols (math or text) the ooalign command can be used. @egreg has a detailed explanation here. The basic idea is that ooalign creates a one-column table, with all rows superimposed on one another, and no padding outside the column. Each row of the "table" ends with cr. Entries can be centered in the column using hfil.



        For example, to produce



        enter image description here



        we superimpose a circ symbol with a text T character. The command



        newcommandTcircmathbin%
        ooalignhfil$circ$hfilcrhfil Thfilcr%



        together with $ATcirc B$ produces the output.



        To make sure your symbol looks right whether it's displayed, inline, script or scriptscript, you can use mathchoice. (Note mathpalette (explained here by @egreg and @Werner) can be used when the four versions are identical except for style.)



        mathchoice
        <do this if called in displaystyle>
        <do this if called in textstyle>
        <do this if called in scriptstyle>
        <do this if called in scriptscriptstyle>


        The above code will produce the corresponding output for each of the four math styles.



        To illustrate, here is a solution to the twisted product question that will adjust to scripts and scriptscripts.



        newcommandtwprodmathbinmathchoice%
        ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
        ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
        ooalignhfilraisebox.85exmbox$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptstyletimes$hfilcr%
        ooalignhfilraisebox.65exscalebox.8$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptscriptstyletimes$hfilcr%



        enter image description here



        S^2twprod S^2 quad F_S^2twprod S^2 quad F_K_S^2twprod S^2


        I downsized the sim in each style so it fit better over the times.



        Similar effects can be obtained using stackengine. Documentation is here.



        If you can't create your symbol by combining or modifying others, you can design your symbol from scratch using tikz, together with the ideas above. Here is an example by @marmot.






        share|improve this answer





























          44














          If it's really not in Detexify, check the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List to see if your symbol can be found in an existing package. Note, The Comprehensive List is long! Over 300 pages. But it is searchable, well-organized, and has a good table of contents and index.



          If that doesn't help, it may be time to design your own symbol. It's probably best to give your new symbol a name so it can be used repeatedly and transported more easily into another document.



          If your symbol will be used as an operator with limits (like an integral or summation), you should use the DeclareMathOperator or DeclareMathOperator* command. Both of these use the amsmath package. The unstarred version places sub- and superscript limits to the right of the operator; the starred version places limits above and below the operator when it is in displaystyle. To illustrate:



          DeclareMathOperator*squareopsquare
          DeclareMathOperatortriangleopbigtriangleup


          [Note that square uses the amssymb package.]



          Then the code



          [
          squareop_n=1^infty a_n qquad triangleop_n=1^infty a_n
          ]


          will produce the following output:



          enter image description here



          More information on DeclareMathOperator can be found in this answer by @Andrew Swann.



          If your symbol is not going to be used in that fashion, you should probably use newcommand.



          If your symbol is a math symbol: Is it a binary operator (such as + or times)? A binary relation (such as < or leq)? Or an ordinary math symbol (such as ! or infty)? The spacing is different for each case. Compare the three versions for the symbol times:



          newcommandreltimesmathreltimes
          newcommandbintimesmathbintimes
          newcommandchrtimestimes


          Then noindent $areltimes b newline abintimes b newline achrtimes b$ will produce the output:



          enter image description here



          Note the extra set of curly braces in chrtimes. If you remove them you'll get the same output as mathbintimes, since times is by default a binary operator. You can enclose most math symbols in to turn them into ordinary math symbols.



          Typically, binary relations have slightly more space than binary operators, and significantly more than ordinary symbols. However, the spacing changes when these appear as sub- or superscripts. All three examples above will look like A_atimes b if placed in a subscript.



          Many new symbols can be created by modifying or combining existing symbols. To rotate, scale or reflect existing symbols, use the graphicx or graphics package. Documentation is here. The commands are rotatebox, scalebox, resizebox and reflectbox.



          For example, if you want a cong symbol (≅), but with the tilde reversed, the reflectbox command from graphicx can be used. The code



          newcommandbackcongmathrelreflectbox$cong$


          will produce the desired effect with the code $Abackcong B$.



          enter image description here



          If you try using this code in a subscript (for example, $X_Abackcong B$), the new symbol will not scale down as it should. This is resolved below below using mathchoice.



          To combine multiple symbols (math or text) the ooalign command can be used. @egreg has a detailed explanation here. The basic idea is that ooalign creates a one-column table, with all rows superimposed on one another, and no padding outside the column. Each row of the "table" ends with cr. Entries can be centered in the column using hfil.



          For example, to produce



          enter image description here



          we superimpose a circ symbol with a text T character. The command



          newcommandTcircmathbin%
          ooalignhfil$circ$hfilcrhfil Thfilcr%



          together with $ATcirc B$ produces the output.



          To make sure your symbol looks right whether it's displayed, inline, script or scriptscript, you can use mathchoice. (Note mathpalette (explained here by @egreg and @Werner) can be used when the four versions are identical except for style.)



          mathchoice
          <do this if called in displaystyle>
          <do this if called in textstyle>
          <do this if called in scriptstyle>
          <do this if called in scriptscriptstyle>


          The above code will produce the corresponding output for each of the four math styles.



          To illustrate, here is a solution to the twisted product question that will adjust to scripts and scriptscripts.



          newcommandtwprodmathbinmathchoice%
          ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
          ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
          ooalignhfilraisebox.85exmbox$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptstyletimes$hfilcr%
          ooalignhfilraisebox.65exscalebox.8$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptscriptstyletimes$hfilcr%



          enter image description here



          S^2twprod S^2 quad F_S^2twprod S^2 quad F_K_S^2twprod S^2


          I downsized the sim in each style so it fit better over the times.



          Similar effects can be obtained using stackengine. Documentation is here.



          If you can't create your symbol by combining or modifying others, you can design your symbol from scratch using tikz, together with the ideas above. Here is an example by @marmot.






          share|improve this answer



























            44












            44








            44







            If it's really not in Detexify, check the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List to see if your symbol can be found in an existing package. Note, The Comprehensive List is long! Over 300 pages. But it is searchable, well-organized, and has a good table of contents and index.



            If that doesn't help, it may be time to design your own symbol. It's probably best to give your new symbol a name so it can be used repeatedly and transported more easily into another document.



            If your symbol will be used as an operator with limits (like an integral or summation), you should use the DeclareMathOperator or DeclareMathOperator* command. Both of these use the amsmath package. The unstarred version places sub- and superscript limits to the right of the operator; the starred version places limits above and below the operator when it is in displaystyle. To illustrate:



            DeclareMathOperator*squareopsquare
            DeclareMathOperatortriangleopbigtriangleup


            [Note that square uses the amssymb package.]



            Then the code



            [
            squareop_n=1^infty a_n qquad triangleop_n=1^infty a_n
            ]


            will produce the following output:



            enter image description here



            More information on DeclareMathOperator can be found in this answer by @Andrew Swann.



            If your symbol is not going to be used in that fashion, you should probably use newcommand.



            If your symbol is a math symbol: Is it a binary operator (such as + or times)? A binary relation (such as < or leq)? Or an ordinary math symbol (such as ! or infty)? The spacing is different for each case. Compare the three versions for the symbol times:



            newcommandreltimesmathreltimes
            newcommandbintimesmathbintimes
            newcommandchrtimestimes


            Then noindent $areltimes b newline abintimes b newline achrtimes b$ will produce the output:



            enter image description here



            Note the extra set of curly braces in chrtimes. If you remove them you'll get the same output as mathbintimes, since times is by default a binary operator. You can enclose most math symbols in to turn them into ordinary math symbols.



            Typically, binary relations have slightly more space than binary operators, and significantly more than ordinary symbols. However, the spacing changes when these appear as sub- or superscripts. All three examples above will look like A_atimes b if placed in a subscript.



            Many new symbols can be created by modifying or combining existing symbols. To rotate, scale or reflect existing symbols, use the graphicx or graphics package. Documentation is here. The commands are rotatebox, scalebox, resizebox and reflectbox.



            For example, if you want a cong symbol (≅), but with the tilde reversed, the reflectbox command from graphicx can be used. The code



            newcommandbackcongmathrelreflectbox$cong$


            will produce the desired effect with the code $Abackcong B$.



            enter image description here



            If you try using this code in a subscript (for example, $X_Abackcong B$), the new symbol will not scale down as it should. This is resolved below below using mathchoice.



            To combine multiple symbols (math or text) the ooalign command can be used. @egreg has a detailed explanation here. The basic idea is that ooalign creates a one-column table, with all rows superimposed on one another, and no padding outside the column. Each row of the "table" ends with cr. Entries can be centered in the column using hfil.



            For example, to produce



            enter image description here



            we superimpose a circ symbol with a text T character. The command



            newcommandTcircmathbin%
            ooalignhfil$circ$hfilcrhfil Thfilcr%



            together with $ATcirc B$ produces the output.



            To make sure your symbol looks right whether it's displayed, inline, script or scriptscript, you can use mathchoice. (Note mathpalette (explained here by @egreg and @Werner) can be used when the four versions are identical except for style.)



            mathchoice
            <do this if called in displaystyle>
            <do this if called in textstyle>
            <do this if called in scriptstyle>
            <do this if called in scriptscriptstyle>


            The above code will produce the corresponding output for each of the four math styles.



            To illustrate, here is a solution to the twisted product question that will adjust to scripts and scriptscripts.



            newcommandtwprodmathbinmathchoice%
            ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
            ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
            ooalignhfilraisebox.85exmbox$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptstyletimes$hfilcr%
            ooalignhfilraisebox.65exscalebox.8$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptscriptstyletimes$hfilcr%



            enter image description here



            S^2twprod S^2 quad F_S^2twprod S^2 quad F_K_S^2twprod S^2


            I downsized the sim in each style so it fit better over the times.



            Similar effects can be obtained using stackengine. Documentation is here.



            If you can't create your symbol by combining or modifying others, you can design your symbol from scratch using tikz, together with the ideas above. Here is an example by @marmot.






            share|improve this answer















            If it's really not in Detexify, check the Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List to see if your symbol can be found in an existing package. Note, The Comprehensive List is long! Over 300 pages. But it is searchable, well-organized, and has a good table of contents and index.



            If that doesn't help, it may be time to design your own symbol. It's probably best to give your new symbol a name so it can be used repeatedly and transported more easily into another document.



            If your symbol will be used as an operator with limits (like an integral or summation), you should use the DeclareMathOperator or DeclareMathOperator* command. Both of these use the amsmath package. The unstarred version places sub- and superscript limits to the right of the operator; the starred version places limits above and below the operator when it is in displaystyle. To illustrate:



            DeclareMathOperator*squareopsquare
            DeclareMathOperatortriangleopbigtriangleup


            [Note that square uses the amssymb package.]



            Then the code



            [
            squareop_n=1^infty a_n qquad triangleop_n=1^infty a_n
            ]


            will produce the following output:



            enter image description here



            More information on DeclareMathOperator can be found in this answer by @Andrew Swann.



            If your symbol is not going to be used in that fashion, you should probably use newcommand.



            If your symbol is a math symbol: Is it a binary operator (such as + or times)? A binary relation (such as < or leq)? Or an ordinary math symbol (such as ! or infty)? The spacing is different for each case. Compare the three versions for the symbol times:



            newcommandreltimesmathreltimes
            newcommandbintimesmathbintimes
            newcommandchrtimestimes


            Then noindent $areltimes b newline abintimes b newline achrtimes b$ will produce the output:



            enter image description here



            Note the extra set of curly braces in chrtimes. If you remove them you'll get the same output as mathbintimes, since times is by default a binary operator. You can enclose most math symbols in to turn them into ordinary math symbols.



            Typically, binary relations have slightly more space than binary operators, and significantly more than ordinary symbols. However, the spacing changes when these appear as sub- or superscripts. All three examples above will look like A_atimes b if placed in a subscript.



            Many new symbols can be created by modifying or combining existing symbols. To rotate, scale or reflect existing symbols, use the graphicx or graphics package. Documentation is here. The commands are rotatebox, scalebox, resizebox and reflectbox.



            For example, if you want a cong symbol (≅), but with the tilde reversed, the reflectbox command from graphicx can be used. The code



            newcommandbackcongmathrelreflectbox$cong$


            will produce the desired effect with the code $Abackcong B$.



            enter image description here



            If you try using this code in a subscript (for example, $X_Abackcong B$), the new symbol will not scale down as it should. This is resolved below below using mathchoice.



            To combine multiple symbols (math or text) the ooalign command can be used. @egreg has a detailed explanation here. The basic idea is that ooalign creates a one-column table, with all rows superimposed on one another, and no padding outside the column. Each row of the "table" ends with cr. Entries can be centered in the column using hfil.



            For example, to produce



            enter image description here



            we superimpose a circ symbol with a text T character. The command



            newcommandTcircmathbin%
            ooalignhfil$circ$hfilcrhfil Thfilcr%



            together with $ATcirc B$ produces the output.



            To make sure your symbol looks right whether it's displayed, inline, script or scriptscript, you can use mathchoice. (Note mathpalette (explained here by @egreg and @Werner) can be used when the four versions are identical except for style.)



            mathchoice
            <do this if called in displaystyle>
            <do this if called in textstyle>
            <do this if called in scriptstyle>
            <do this if called in scriptscriptstyle>


            The above code will produce the corresponding output for each of the four math styles.



            To illustrate, here is a solution to the twisted product question that will adjust to scripts and scriptscripts.



            newcommandtwprodmathbinmathchoice%
            ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
            ooalignhfilraisebox1.15exmbox$scriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$times$hfilcr%
            ooalignhfilraisebox.85exmbox$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptstyletimes$hfilcr%
            ooalignhfilraisebox.65exscalebox.8$scriptscriptstylesim$hfilcrhfil$scriptscriptstyletimes$hfilcr%



            enter image description here



            S^2twprod S^2 quad F_S^2twprod S^2 quad F_K_S^2twprod S^2


            I downsized the sim in each style so it fit better over the times.



            Similar effects can be obtained using stackengine. Documentation is here.



            If you can't create your symbol by combining or modifying others, you can design your symbol from scratch using tikz, together with the ideas above. Here is an example by @marmot.







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited Mar 22 at 4:19

























            answered Mar 21 at 20:27









            Sandy GSandy G

            4,3201635




            4,3201635





















                14














                Another possibility with the stackinset command, from stackengine:



                documentclass[border = 2pt]standalone

                usepackagestackengine, graphicx %

                newcommandsimtimesstackMathmathbinmathchoice%
                stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                stackinsetc0exc0.7exscalebox 0.67$scriptstylesim $scriptstyletimes%
                stackinsetc0exc0.6exscalebox 0.67$scriptscriptstylesim $scriptscriptstyletimes%


                begindocument

                $ S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_K_S^2 simtimes S^2$

                enddocument


                enter image description here






                share|improve this answer



























                  14














                  Another possibility with the stackinset command, from stackengine:



                  documentclass[border = 2pt]standalone

                  usepackagestackengine, graphicx %

                  newcommandsimtimesstackMathmathbinmathchoice%
                  stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                  stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                  stackinsetc0exc0.7exscalebox 0.67$scriptstylesim $scriptstyletimes%
                  stackinsetc0exc0.6exscalebox 0.67$scriptscriptstylesim $scriptscriptstyletimes%


                  begindocument

                  $ S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_K_S^2 simtimes S^2$

                  enddocument


                  enter image description here






                  share|improve this answer

























                    14












                    14








                    14







                    Another possibility with the stackinset command, from stackengine:



                    documentclass[border = 2pt]standalone

                    usepackagestackengine, graphicx %

                    newcommandsimtimesstackMathmathbinmathchoice%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.7exscalebox 0.67$scriptstylesim $scriptstyletimes%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.6exscalebox 0.67$scriptscriptstylesim $scriptscriptstyletimes%


                    begindocument

                    $ S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_K_S^2 simtimes S^2$

                    enddocument


                    enter image description here






                    share|improve this answer













                    Another possibility with the stackinset command, from stackengine:



                    documentclass[border = 2pt]standalone

                    usepackagestackengine, graphicx %

                    newcommandsimtimesstackMathmathbinmathchoice%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.9exscalebox 0.67$sim $times%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.7exscalebox 0.67$scriptstylesim $scriptstyletimes%
                    stackinsetc0exc0.6exscalebox 0.67$scriptscriptstylesim $scriptscriptstyletimes%


                    begindocument

                    $ S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_S^2 simtimes S^2 quad F_K_S^2 simtimes S^2$

                    enddocument


                    enter image description here







                    share|improve this answer












                    share|improve this answer



                    share|improve this answer










                    answered Mar 21 at 22:51









                    BernardBernard

                    175k776207




                    175k776207





















                        14














                        I'd like to expand a bit on the "build the symbol from scratch" part. There are some very simple basic principles that help making the symbol scalable:



                        • Use relative length scales for all dimensions. These are explained very nicely in this answer. The most important feature (for the purposes here) is that they scale with the font size.

                        • Use relative length scales for the line widths.

                        • Consider using the baseline option.

                        An example is given in this post:



                        documentclassarticle
                        usepackagetikz
                        newcommandinftrianbegintikzpicture[baseline=-0.25em]
                        draw[line width=0.075em] (-45:0.5em) -- (105:0.5em) (-15:0.5em) -- (-165:0.5em) (-135:0.5em) -- (75:0.5em);
                        endtikzpicture
                        begindocument
                        ABC inftrian DEF
                        enddocument


                        enter image description here



                        You can combine this with all that has been said in Sandy G's nice answer about mathchoice. The thing I like about TikZ, though, is that it is IMHO particularly intuitive to design the symbol since it offers polar and Cartesian coordinates, and works with all common compilers (latex, pdflatex, xelatex and lualatex, and even tex, though the syntax is slightly different). A potential drawback of the simple example above is that it does not detect the font weight and so on. I do not know if this has been discussed somewhere, nor do I know if there is a foolproof way of finding out the current font weight and so on. On the other hand, in many situations one may not need these features.






                        share|improve this answer





























                          14














                          I'd like to expand a bit on the "build the symbol from scratch" part. There are some very simple basic principles that help making the symbol scalable:



                          • Use relative length scales for all dimensions. These are explained very nicely in this answer. The most important feature (for the purposes here) is that they scale with the font size.

                          • Use relative length scales for the line widths.

                          • Consider using the baseline option.

                          An example is given in this post:



                          documentclassarticle
                          usepackagetikz
                          newcommandinftrianbegintikzpicture[baseline=-0.25em]
                          draw[line width=0.075em] (-45:0.5em) -- (105:0.5em) (-15:0.5em) -- (-165:0.5em) (-135:0.5em) -- (75:0.5em);
                          endtikzpicture
                          begindocument
                          ABC inftrian DEF
                          enddocument


                          enter image description here



                          You can combine this with all that has been said in Sandy G's nice answer about mathchoice. The thing I like about TikZ, though, is that it is IMHO particularly intuitive to design the symbol since it offers polar and Cartesian coordinates, and works with all common compilers (latex, pdflatex, xelatex and lualatex, and even tex, though the syntax is slightly different). A potential drawback of the simple example above is that it does not detect the font weight and so on. I do not know if this has been discussed somewhere, nor do I know if there is a foolproof way of finding out the current font weight and so on. On the other hand, in many situations one may not need these features.






                          share|improve this answer



























                            14












                            14








                            14







                            I'd like to expand a bit on the "build the symbol from scratch" part. There are some very simple basic principles that help making the symbol scalable:



                            • Use relative length scales for all dimensions. These are explained very nicely in this answer. The most important feature (for the purposes here) is that they scale with the font size.

                            • Use relative length scales for the line widths.

                            • Consider using the baseline option.

                            An example is given in this post:



                            documentclassarticle
                            usepackagetikz
                            newcommandinftrianbegintikzpicture[baseline=-0.25em]
                            draw[line width=0.075em] (-45:0.5em) -- (105:0.5em) (-15:0.5em) -- (-165:0.5em) (-135:0.5em) -- (75:0.5em);
                            endtikzpicture
                            begindocument
                            ABC inftrian DEF
                            enddocument


                            enter image description here



                            You can combine this with all that has been said in Sandy G's nice answer about mathchoice. The thing I like about TikZ, though, is that it is IMHO particularly intuitive to design the symbol since it offers polar and Cartesian coordinates, and works with all common compilers (latex, pdflatex, xelatex and lualatex, and even tex, though the syntax is slightly different). A potential drawback of the simple example above is that it does not detect the font weight and so on. I do not know if this has been discussed somewhere, nor do I know if there is a foolproof way of finding out the current font weight and so on. On the other hand, in many situations one may not need these features.






                            share|improve this answer















                            I'd like to expand a bit on the "build the symbol from scratch" part. There are some very simple basic principles that help making the symbol scalable:



                            • Use relative length scales for all dimensions. These are explained very nicely in this answer. The most important feature (for the purposes here) is that they scale with the font size.

                            • Use relative length scales for the line widths.

                            • Consider using the baseline option.

                            An example is given in this post:



                            documentclassarticle
                            usepackagetikz
                            newcommandinftrianbegintikzpicture[baseline=-0.25em]
                            draw[line width=0.075em] (-45:0.5em) -- (105:0.5em) (-15:0.5em) -- (-165:0.5em) (-135:0.5em) -- (75:0.5em);
                            endtikzpicture
                            begindocument
                            ABC inftrian DEF
                            enddocument


                            enter image description here



                            You can combine this with all that has been said in Sandy G's nice answer about mathchoice. The thing I like about TikZ, though, is that it is IMHO particularly intuitive to design the symbol since it offers polar and Cartesian coordinates, and works with all common compilers (latex, pdflatex, xelatex and lualatex, and even tex, though the syntax is slightly different). A potential drawback of the simple example above is that it does not detect the font weight and so on. I do not know if this has been discussed somewhere, nor do I know if there is a foolproof way of finding out the current font weight and so on. On the other hand, in many situations one may not need these features.







                            share|improve this answer














                            share|improve this answer



                            share|improve this answer








                            edited Mar 22 at 4:02

























                            answered Mar 22 at 2:02









                            marmotmarmot

                            113k5145275




                            113k5145275



























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