What kind of transistor turns on with 0.2 volts?





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$begingroup$


I need a circuit to turn on a LED with 0.2 volts.
I want to do it with a transistor as a switch.
What kind of transistor will turn on at this voltage?










share|improve this question







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seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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  • 5




    $begingroup$
    Pretty much none of them. I would recommend amplifying the signal before trying to use it as a switch, perhaps with a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – Hearth
    yesterday






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Instead of asking about a transistor which needs to turn on with only 0.2 V (there aren't any but please prove me wrong!) and assume that you can do this with only one transistor (you can't but I'd like to be proven wrong again), describe what your requirements are and ask what solutions exist. A LED will not light up with 0.2 V so there must be some other voltage present. Why 0.2 V? Do research on similar setups (switching LEDs) and learn how that's done.
    $endgroup$
    – Bimpelrekkie
    yesterday






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Highly related if not duplicate: electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/129183/…
    $endgroup$
    – winny
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    0.2V isn't enough to run an LED; if you have a rail that'll drive an LED then you can use a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – TimWescott
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    What's the LED and what's the current and voltage it requires? What power supply rails do you have?
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    yesterday


















2












$begingroup$


I need a circuit to turn on a LED with 0.2 volts.
I want to do it with a transistor as a switch.
What kind of transistor will turn on at this voltage?










share|improve this question







New contributor




seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$








  • 5




    $begingroup$
    Pretty much none of them. I would recommend amplifying the signal before trying to use it as a switch, perhaps with a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – Hearth
    yesterday






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Instead of asking about a transistor which needs to turn on with only 0.2 V (there aren't any but please prove me wrong!) and assume that you can do this with only one transistor (you can't but I'd like to be proven wrong again), describe what your requirements are and ask what solutions exist. A LED will not light up with 0.2 V so there must be some other voltage present. Why 0.2 V? Do research on similar setups (switching LEDs) and learn how that's done.
    $endgroup$
    – Bimpelrekkie
    yesterday






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Highly related if not duplicate: electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/129183/…
    $endgroup$
    – winny
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    0.2V isn't enough to run an LED; if you have a rail that'll drive an LED then you can use a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – TimWescott
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    What's the LED and what's the current and voltage it requires? What power supply rails do you have?
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    yesterday














2












2








2





$begingroup$


I need a circuit to turn on a LED with 0.2 volts.
I want to do it with a transistor as a switch.
What kind of transistor will turn on at this voltage?










share|improve this question







New contributor




seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$




I need a circuit to turn on a LED with 0.2 volts.
I want to do it with a transistor as a switch.
What kind of transistor will turn on at this voltage?







transistors mosfet bjt jfet






share|improve this question







New contributor




seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question







New contributor




seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question






New contributor




seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked yesterday









seyyedali hosseiniseyyedali hosseini

172




172




New contributor




seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






seyyedali hosseini is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








  • 5




    $begingroup$
    Pretty much none of them. I would recommend amplifying the signal before trying to use it as a switch, perhaps with a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – Hearth
    yesterday






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Instead of asking about a transistor which needs to turn on with only 0.2 V (there aren't any but please prove me wrong!) and assume that you can do this with only one transistor (you can't but I'd like to be proven wrong again), describe what your requirements are and ask what solutions exist. A LED will not light up with 0.2 V so there must be some other voltage present. Why 0.2 V? Do research on similar setups (switching LEDs) and learn how that's done.
    $endgroup$
    – Bimpelrekkie
    yesterday






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Highly related if not duplicate: electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/129183/…
    $endgroup$
    – winny
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    0.2V isn't enough to run an LED; if you have a rail that'll drive an LED then you can use a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – TimWescott
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    What's the LED and what's the current and voltage it requires? What power supply rails do you have?
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    yesterday














  • 5




    $begingroup$
    Pretty much none of them. I would recommend amplifying the signal before trying to use it as a switch, perhaps with a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – Hearth
    yesterday






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Instead of asking about a transistor which needs to turn on with only 0.2 V (there aren't any but please prove me wrong!) and assume that you can do this with only one transistor (you can't but I'd like to be proven wrong again), describe what your requirements are and ask what solutions exist. A LED will not light up with 0.2 V so there must be some other voltage present. Why 0.2 V? Do research on similar setups (switching LEDs) and learn how that's done.
    $endgroup$
    – Bimpelrekkie
    yesterday






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Highly related if not duplicate: electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/129183/…
    $endgroup$
    – winny
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    0.2V isn't enough to run an LED; if you have a rail that'll drive an LED then you can use a comparator.
    $endgroup$
    – TimWescott
    yesterday










  • $begingroup$
    What's the LED and what's the current and voltage it requires? What power supply rails do you have?
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    yesterday








5




5




$begingroup$
Pretty much none of them. I would recommend amplifying the signal before trying to use it as a switch, perhaps with a comparator.
$endgroup$
– Hearth
yesterday




$begingroup$
Pretty much none of them. I would recommend amplifying the signal before trying to use it as a switch, perhaps with a comparator.
$endgroup$
– Hearth
yesterday




6




6




$begingroup$
Instead of asking about a transistor which needs to turn on with only 0.2 V (there aren't any but please prove me wrong!) and assume that you can do this with only one transistor (you can't but I'd like to be proven wrong again), describe what your requirements are and ask what solutions exist. A LED will not light up with 0.2 V so there must be some other voltage present. Why 0.2 V? Do research on similar setups (switching LEDs) and learn how that's done.
$endgroup$
– Bimpelrekkie
yesterday




$begingroup$
Instead of asking about a transistor which needs to turn on with only 0.2 V (there aren't any but please prove me wrong!) and assume that you can do this with only one transistor (you can't but I'd like to be proven wrong again), describe what your requirements are and ask what solutions exist. A LED will not light up with 0.2 V so there must be some other voltage present. Why 0.2 V? Do research on similar setups (switching LEDs) and learn how that's done.
$endgroup$
– Bimpelrekkie
yesterday




2




2




$begingroup$
Highly related if not duplicate: electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/129183/…
$endgroup$
– winny
yesterday




$begingroup$
Highly related if not duplicate: electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/129183/…
$endgroup$
– winny
yesterday












$begingroup$
0.2V isn't enough to run an LED; if you have a rail that'll drive an LED then you can use a comparator.
$endgroup$
– TimWescott
yesterday




$begingroup$
0.2V isn't enough to run an LED; if you have a rail that'll drive an LED then you can use a comparator.
$endgroup$
– TimWescott
yesterday












$begingroup$
What's the LED and what's the current and voltage it requires? What power supply rails do you have?
$endgroup$
– jonk
yesterday




$begingroup$
What's the LED and what's the current and voltage it requires? What power supply rails do you have?
$endgroup$
– jonk
yesterday










4 Answers
4






active

oldest

votes


















8












$begingroup$

Whilst I'm inclined to agree with @Bimpelrekkie that this is probably an X-Y problem, for those who might actually need such a device there are some options. Most MOSFETs are sold as enhancement or depletion mode (less commonly) devices, however it's possible to tune the threshold voltage to approximately zero +/- tens of mV.



For example, the Advanced Linear Devices ALD110800A and similar devices in that series have a nominal zero gate threshold (1uA Ids). The subthreshold behavior is fairly well documented as well.





For your actual situation, use CrossRoads circuit with just about any single supply op-amp or single-supply comparator. LM358 or LM393 will work fine from a 5V supply.






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$





















    6












    $begingroup$

    No single transistor can do what you want. Instead, you need to use multiple transistors. A simple voltage comparator will do what you want:





    schematic





    simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



    R2 and R3 set the reference voltage for the base of Q2. As long as the voltage at the base of Q1 is less than Vref, all of the current through R1 will flow through Q2. As soon as the input voltage rises above 0.2V, Q2 will cut off and all of the current will flow through Q1 and the LED instead.



    Note that since the emitters of the transistors need to be at a negative voltage, this circuit requires a negative supply. An alternative would be to use an IC comparator — you can find single-supply units that can work with input voltages close to ground.






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$









    • 1




      $begingroup$
      You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
      $endgroup$
      – Russell McMahon
      yesterday










    • $begingroup$
      @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
      $endgroup$
      – Dave Tweed
      yesterday












    • $begingroup$
      This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
      $endgroup$
      – EinarA
      21 hours ago



















    4












    $begingroup$



    schematic





    simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



    You could also use an Op Amp, or a Comparator. Set one input to 0.2V, when the other input exceeds that, the output will switch.



    Here's one example



    https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX9107-MAX9109.pdf






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$





















      2












      $begingroup$

      A well chosen germanium transistor can do this. I have some that switch at .15V. Finding one might be a problem ; I am not offering any of mine, but they still exist. If you need accurateness use one of the other answers, The simplest solution is to prebias a transistor so the base receives enough voltage to turn on when the input is .2V. I have used this trick in non-critical situations.






      share|improve this answer









      $endgroup$














        Your Answer





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        4 Answers
        4






        active

        oldest

        votes








        4 Answers
        4






        active

        oldest

        votes









        active

        oldest

        votes






        active

        oldest

        votes









        8












        $begingroup$

        Whilst I'm inclined to agree with @Bimpelrekkie that this is probably an X-Y problem, for those who might actually need such a device there are some options. Most MOSFETs are sold as enhancement or depletion mode (less commonly) devices, however it's possible to tune the threshold voltage to approximately zero +/- tens of mV.



        For example, the Advanced Linear Devices ALD110800A and similar devices in that series have a nominal zero gate threshold (1uA Ids). The subthreshold behavior is fairly well documented as well.





        For your actual situation, use CrossRoads circuit with just about any single supply op-amp or single-supply comparator. LM358 or LM393 will work fine from a 5V supply.






        share|improve this answer











        $endgroup$


















          8












          $begingroup$

          Whilst I'm inclined to agree with @Bimpelrekkie that this is probably an X-Y problem, for those who might actually need such a device there are some options. Most MOSFETs are sold as enhancement or depletion mode (less commonly) devices, however it's possible to tune the threshold voltage to approximately zero +/- tens of mV.



          For example, the Advanced Linear Devices ALD110800A and similar devices in that series have a nominal zero gate threshold (1uA Ids). The subthreshold behavior is fairly well documented as well.





          For your actual situation, use CrossRoads circuit with just about any single supply op-amp or single-supply comparator. LM358 or LM393 will work fine from a 5V supply.






          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$
















            8












            8








            8





            $begingroup$

            Whilst I'm inclined to agree with @Bimpelrekkie that this is probably an X-Y problem, for those who might actually need such a device there are some options. Most MOSFETs are sold as enhancement or depletion mode (less commonly) devices, however it's possible to tune the threshold voltage to approximately zero +/- tens of mV.



            For example, the Advanced Linear Devices ALD110800A and similar devices in that series have a nominal zero gate threshold (1uA Ids). The subthreshold behavior is fairly well documented as well.





            For your actual situation, use CrossRoads circuit with just about any single supply op-amp or single-supply comparator. LM358 or LM393 will work fine from a 5V supply.






            share|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



            Whilst I'm inclined to agree with @Bimpelrekkie that this is probably an X-Y problem, for those who might actually need such a device there are some options. Most MOSFETs are sold as enhancement or depletion mode (less commonly) devices, however it's possible to tune the threshold voltage to approximately zero +/- tens of mV.



            For example, the Advanced Linear Devices ALD110800A and similar devices in that series have a nominal zero gate threshold (1uA Ids). The subthreshold behavior is fairly well documented as well.





            For your actual situation, use CrossRoads circuit with just about any single supply op-amp or single-supply comparator. LM358 or LM393 will work fine from a 5V supply.







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited yesterday

























            answered yesterday









            Spehro PefhanySpehro Pefhany

            213k5162432




            213k5162432

























                6












                $begingroup$

                No single transistor can do what you want. Instead, you need to use multiple transistors. A simple voltage comparator will do what you want:





                schematic





                simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                R2 and R3 set the reference voltage for the base of Q2. As long as the voltage at the base of Q1 is less than Vref, all of the current through R1 will flow through Q2. As soon as the input voltage rises above 0.2V, Q2 will cut off and all of the current will flow through Q1 and the LED instead.



                Note that since the emitters of the transistors need to be at a negative voltage, this circuit requires a negative supply. An alternative would be to use an IC comparator — you can find single-supply units that can work with input voltages close to ground.






                share|improve this answer









                $endgroup$









                • 1




                  $begingroup$
                  You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Russell McMahon
                  yesterday










                • $begingroup$
                  @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Dave Tweed
                  yesterday












                • $begingroup$
                  This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
                  $endgroup$
                  – EinarA
                  21 hours ago
















                6












                $begingroup$

                No single transistor can do what you want. Instead, you need to use multiple transistors. A simple voltage comparator will do what you want:





                schematic





                simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                R2 and R3 set the reference voltage for the base of Q2. As long as the voltage at the base of Q1 is less than Vref, all of the current through R1 will flow through Q2. As soon as the input voltage rises above 0.2V, Q2 will cut off and all of the current will flow through Q1 and the LED instead.



                Note that since the emitters of the transistors need to be at a negative voltage, this circuit requires a negative supply. An alternative would be to use an IC comparator — you can find single-supply units that can work with input voltages close to ground.






                share|improve this answer









                $endgroup$









                • 1




                  $begingroup$
                  You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Russell McMahon
                  yesterday










                • $begingroup$
                  @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Dave Tweed
                  yesterday












                • $begingroup$
                  This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
                  $endgroup$
                  – EinarA
                  21 hours ago














                6












                6








                6





                $begingroup$

                No single transistor can do what you want. Instead, you need to use multiple transistors. A simple voltage comparator will do what you want:





                schematic





                simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                R2 and R3 set the reference voltage for the base of Q2. As long as the voltage at the base of Q1 is less than Vref, all of the current through R1 will flow through Q2. As soon as the input voltage rises above 0.2V, Q2 will cut off and all of the current will flow through Q1 and the LED instead.



                Note that since the emitters of the transistors need to be at a negative voltage, this circuit requires a negative supply. An alternative would be to use an IC comparator — you can find single-supply units that can work with input voltages close to ground.






                share|improve this answer









                $endgroup$



                No single transistor can do what you want. Instead, you need to use multiple transistors. A simple voltage comparator will do what you want:





                schematic





                simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                R2 and R3 set the reference voltage for the base of Q2. As long as the voltage at the base of Q1 is less than Vref, all of the current through R1 will flow through Q2. As soon as the input voltage rises above 0.2V, Q2 will cut off and all of the current will flow through Q1 and the LED instead.



                Note that since the emitters of the transistors need to be at a negative voltage, this circuit requires a negative supply. An alternative would be to use an IC comparator — you can find single-supply units that can work with input voltages close to ground.







                share|improve this answer












                share|improve this answer



                share|improve this answer










                answered yesterday









                Dave TweedDave Tweed

                124k10153267




                124k10153267








                • 1




                  $begingroup$
                  You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Russell McMahon
                  yesterday










                • $begingroup$
                  @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Dave Tweed
                  yesterday












                • $begingroup$
                  This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
                  $endgroup$
                  – EinarA
                  21 hours ago














                • 1




                  $begingroup$
                  You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Russell McMahon
                  yesterday










                • $begingroup$
                  @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
                  $endgroup$
                  – Dave Tweed
                  yesterday












                • $begingroup$
                  This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
                  $endgroup$
                  – EinarA
                  21 hours ago








                1




                1




                $begingroup$
                You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
                $endgroup$
                – Russell McMahon
                yesterday




                $begingroup$
                You can approach the lower rail by using PNPs 'upside down' and a single supply.
                $endgroup$
                – Russell McMahon
                yesterday












                $begingroup$
                @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
                $endgroup$
                – Dave Tweed
                yesterday






                $begingroup$
                @RussellMcMahon: But then there's no overhead left for the load (LED), at least, not without adding additional transistors. At that point, just get the IC comparator, which is essentially the same thing.
                $endgroup$
                – Dave Tweed
                yesterday














                $begingroup$
                This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
                $endgroup$
                – EinarA
                21 hours ago




                $begingroup$
                This circuit really needs some positive feedback to achieve a clean switch.
                $endgroup$
                – EinarA
                21 hours ago











                4












                $begingroup$



                schematic





                simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                You could also use an Op Amp, or a Comparator. Set one input to 0.2V, when the other input exceeds that, the output will switch.



                Here's one example



                https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX9107-MAX9109.pdf






                share|improve this answer











                $endgroup$


















                  4












                  $begingroup$



                  schematic





                  simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                  You could also use an Op Amp, or a Comparator. Set one input to 0.2V, when the other input exceeds that, the output will switch.



                  Here's one example



                  https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX9107-MAX9109.pdf






                  share|improve this answer











                  $endgroup$
















                    4












                    4








                    4





                    $begingroup$



                    schematic





                    simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                    You could also use an Op Amp, or a Comparator. Set one input to 0.2V, when the other input exceeds that, the output will switch.



                    Here's one example



                    https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX9107-MAX9109.pdf






                    share|improve this answer











                    $endgroup$





                    schematic





                    simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



                    You could also use an Op Amp, or a Comparator. Set one input to 0.2V, when the other input exceeds that, the output will switch.



                    Here's one example



                    https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX9107-MAX9109.pdf







                    share|improve this answer














                    share|improve this answer



                    share|improve this answer








                    edited yesterday









                    Dave Tweed

                    124k10153267




                    124k10153267










                    answered yesterday









                    CrossRoadsCrossRoads

                    2,12728




                    2,12728























                        2












                        $begingroup$

                        A well chosen germanium transistor can do this. I have some that switch at .15V. Finding one might be a problem ; I am not offering any of mine, but they still exist. If you need accurateness use one of the other answers, The simplest solution is to prebias a transistor so the base receives enough voltage to turn on when the input is .2V. I have used this trick in non-critical situations.






                        share|improve this answer









                        $endgroup$


















                          2












                          $begingroup$

                          A well chosen germanium transistor can do this. I have some that switch at .15V. Finding one might be a problem ; I am not offering any of mine, but they still exist. If you need accurateness use one of the other answers, The simplest solution is to prebias a transistor so the base receives enough voltage to turn on when the input is .2V. I have used this trick in non-critical situations.






                          share|improve this answer









                          $endgroup$
















                            2












                            2








                            2





                            $begingroup$

                            A well chosen germanium transistor can do this. I have some that switch at .15V. Finding one might be a problem ; I am not offering any of mine, but they still exist. If you need accurateness use one of the other answers, The simplest solution is to prebias a transistor so the base receives enough voltage to turn on when the input is .2V. I have used this trick in non-critical situations.






                            share|improve this answer









                            $endgroup$



                            A well chosen germanium transistor can do this. I have some that switch at .15V. Finding one might be a problem ; I am not offering any of mine, but they still exist. If you need accurateness use one of the other answers, The simplest solution is to prebias a transistor so the base receives enough voltage to turn on when the input is .2V. I have used this trick in non-critical situations.







                            share|improve this answer












                            share|improve this answer



                            share|improve this answer










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