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Heimskringla Heimildir SnorraTenglarLeiðsagnarvalHeimskringla eða Sögur Noregs konungaEfnisyfirlit Heimskringlubbæta við greinina

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Snorra SturlusonarNoregskonunga12. öldKringlublaðiðLandsbókasafni Íslands - Háskólabókasafni1177ÓðniYnglingatalljóðumÞjóðolfi í HviniHaraldar hárfagraPolybiosLeopold von Ranke












Heimskringla




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Heimskringla Snorra Sturlusonar er eitt höfuðrita íslenskrar bókmenntaarfleiðar. Í Heimskringlu er sögð saga Noregskonunga frá ómunatíð fram á miðja 12. öld. Stakt skinnblað hefur varðveist af Heimskringlu sem er nefnt Kringlublaðið, það er geymt á Landsbókasafni Íslands - Háskólabókasafni.


Heimildir Snorra


Heimskringla inniheldur sögur Noregskonunga fram að 1177, en rekur einnig sögu Uppsalakonunga og byrjar á Óðni, sem talinn er forfaðir þeirra. Þar styðst Snorri við Ynglingatal, ættarsögu í ljóðum, sem sennilega er ort af norska skáldinu Þjóðolfi í Hvini, sem var hirðskáld Haraldar hárfagra. Í formálanum rekur Snorri þær heimildir, sem hann hefur notað og ræðir um sannleiksgildi þeirra. Þegar hann nefnir sögumenn sína, getur hann þess frá hverjum þeir hafi heimildir sínar og hvort þær hafi farið margra á milli. Þannig byggir hann frásögn sína á aldagömlum frásögnum. En kvæðin segir hann að sér þyki „sízt úr stað færð, ef þau eru rétt kveðin og skynsamlega upp tekin".


„Tökum vér það allt fyrir satt, er í þeim kvæðum finnst um ferðir þeirra (konunga) og orustur; en það er háttur skálda, að lofa þann mest, er þá eru þeir fyrir, en engi mundi það þora, að segja sjálfum honum þau verk hans, er allir þeir er heyrði, vissi, að hégómi væri og skrök, og svo sjálfur hann; það væri þá háð, en eigi lof"

Slíkt val og mat heimilda var ekki vandi sagnfræðinga miðaldanna. Og þegar talað er um sagnfræðilegt mat á heimildum, þá má líklega óhætt líkja Snorra við Polybios hinn gríska og Þjóðverjann Leopold von Ranke.


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Heimskringla




  • Heimskringla eða Sögur Noregs konunga á norrænu eftir útgáfu W. Schultz frá 1869-1872.

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