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Why does a Star of David appear at a rally with Francisco Franco?


What did Hitler mean with the following statement about Franco?













20















In this web page, a photo from a repertory of photos from the Spanish Civil War, at the website of the archive of Italian Istituto Luce, shows a rally with Francisco Franco within a theatre. From the balconies several flags hang, among which are the German and the Italian ones, and then one with what seems a light-coloured Star of David on a darker background.



enter image description here



Image source: Istituto Luce / Archivo Luce



Does anyone know whose nation or organisation was this flag, and why it was shown at a Francoist meeting?










share|improve this question
























  • @RodrigodeAzevedo: Done. I hope this isn't against any permission or something.

    – DaG
    2 days ago











  • If you mention the source of the photo, it should be fine.

    – Rodrigo de Azevedo
    2 days ago











  • Please edit in a proper credit for that image.

    – Lightness Races in Orbit
    yesterday















20















In this web page, a photo from a repertory of photos from the Spanish Civil War, at the website of the archive of Italian Istituto Luce, shows a rally with Francisco Franco within a theatre. From the balconies several flags hang, among which are the German and the Italian ones, and then one with what seems a light-coloured Star of David on a darker background.



enter image description here



Image source: Istituto Luce / Archivo Luce



Does anyone know whose nation or organisation was this flag, and why it was shown at a Francoist meeting?










share|improve this question
























  • @RodrigodeAzevedo: Done. I hope this isn't against any permission or something.

    – DaG
    2 days ago











  • If you mention the source of the photo, it should be fine.

    – Rodrigo de Azevedo
    2 days ago











  • Please edit in a proper credit for that image.

    – Lightness Races in Orbit
    yesterday













20












20








20


1






In this web page, a photo from a repertory of photos from the Spanish Civil War, at the website of the archive of Italian Istituto Luce, shows a rally with Francisco Franco within a theatre. From the balconies several flags hang, among which are the German and the Italian ones, and then one with what seems a light-coloured Star of David on a darker background.



enter image description here



Image source: Istituto Luce / Archivo Luce



Does anyone know whose nation or organisation was this flag, and why it was shown at a Francoist meeting?










share|improve this question
















In this web page, a photo from a repertory of photos from the Spanish Civil War, at the website of the archive of Italian Istituto Luce, shows a rally with Francisco Franco within a theatre. From the balconies several flags hang, among which are the German and the Italian ones, and then one with what seems a light-coloured Star of David on a darker background.



enter image description here



Image source: Istituto Luce / Archivo Luce



Does anyone know whose nation or organisation was this flag, and why it was shown at a Francoist meeting?







fascism spanish-civil-war






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited yesterday









Lars Bosteen

42.1k9192263




42.1k9192263










asked 2 days ago









DaGDaG

22417




22417












  • @RodrigodeAzevedo: Done. I hope this isn't against any permission or something.

    – DaG
    2 days ago











  • If you mention the source of the photo, it should be fine.

    – Rodrigo de Azevedo
    2 days ago











  • Please edit in a proper credit for that image.

    – Lightness Races in Orbit
    yesterday

















  • @RodrigodeAzevedo: Done. I hope this isn't against any permission or something.

    – DaG
    2 days ago











  • If you mention the source of the photo, it should be fine.

    – Rodrigo de Azevedo
    2 days ago











  • Please edit in a proper credit for that image.

    – Lightness Races in Orbit
    yesterday
















@RodrigodeAzevedo: Done. I hope this isn't against any permission or something.

– DaG
2 days ago





@RodrigodeAzevedo: Done. I hope this isn't against any permission or something.

– DaG
2 days ago













If you mention the source of the photo, it should be fine.

– Rodrigo de Azevedo
2 days ago





If you mention the source of the photo, it should be fine.

– Rodrigo de Azevedo
2 days ago













Please edit in a proper credit for that image.

– Lightness Races in Orbit
yesterday





Please edit in a proper credit for that image.

– Lightness Races in Orbit
yesterday










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















24














Most probably because this is not really a star of David, but a hexagram. As such it has probably less to do with Jews, Zionists or Israel being a part of Franco's movement or even on the guest list for this occasion.



Whether this is an occult symbol, popular with fascists, or a stylised version of an etoile, six pointed star or estrella de seis puntas, the basic pattern is widespread and used in heraldry for cities, where this meeting could have taken place.



Example for six-points (plus: no connection to Islam, despite the crescent) Armañanzas



Example for a Spanish nationalist or falange fighter, no connection to Jewish symbolism:




enter image description here (src)




That said, in this case it might simply be a reminder of the glorious origins of the falangist forces of Franco. And that is in North-Africa. The Spanish Protectorate of Morocco sported this type of flag in various variations:




enter image description here
Source: WP List of Moroccan flags




But compare the apparently argent variant with Spanish Protectorate of Morocco (1912-1956) and




The symbol of armed authority was a hexagram … Starting from the reign of the Sultans Hisham (1790/’92-’97) and Suleyman (1792-1822) the hexagram is uninterruptedly documented on coins until 1956.




But if that sounds still like a tough sell to Catholic Spanish falangistas, either something looking like a Jewish or a Moroccan symbol, then it might be as well recognising a symbol of Mary or stella maris:




Just like the Star of David, the Star of Mary is a Six-Pointed Hexagram



enter image description here

A 13th century Church in Asturias, Spain known as 'Iglesia de Santa María' (1270 A.D.)
enter image description here




Among the medas and insignia used in connection to the Army of Africa, the Order of the Medhauia seems to stick out:




To reward those very distinguished and notorious facts of Spaniards and Moroccans carried out in the Zone of Morocco entrusted to the Protectorate of Spain.
enter image description here (a) enter image description here (b)
(a) Rifaat (equivalent to gentleman)
Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345 -18 August 1926-
Award period: 1926-1956
Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
The ribbon on which the decoration hangs is green, with a white central stripe.

On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
Both the Solomonic ring and the ornaments will be silver. It is suspended from the left side of the chest

(b) Sumú-u (equivalent to the Great Cross)
Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345–18 August 1926-
Award period: 1926-1956
Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
Identical to the previous one and attached to the left side, taking, in addition, a band that crosses the chest from right to left and from whose end the second class badge hangs




And further campaign militaria offered by wwwmilitariabcncom:




Arm badge Moroccan Army Corps. 92 Division. Nationalist Army. Spanish Civil War. enter image description here



Collar badge. Supervisor of the Mehala Jalifiana . (Colonial Troops). Nationalist Army.. Spanish Civil War.
enter image description here




And finally, a propaganda poster from that time in colour:




enter image description here
Venus Dictator in Furs. Painting by Paco Ibera



Franco in furs like Bette Davis. He wears his Miss España sash in the traditional Spanish colors (as opposed to the red, yellow & purple of the Republican flag) and on his chest is a maltese cross (an order of knighthood perhaps? – this forum leads me to the Grand Cross of the Order of San Fernando). Below the cross is a pin of the symbol of the Falangists. His hand rests on a cane while his other hand holds his hat; a garrison cap with a gold tassel. He tries to strike a regal pose. Franco alone takes up nearly half of the image.



On the lower left is a cartouche with Franco's well known and brief declaration of the end of the Spanish Civil War. In a Roman font it declares in large type "La Guerra ha terminado" (The war is over). There is probably no connection between this and John Lennon's song "War is Over."




One of the flags in the background is either a pentagram or a hexagram flag of the caliph of Morocco.



Perhaps clearing up some confusion:




WP: Seal of Solomon

The current flag of Morocco, introduced in 1915 (r. Yusef) displays a green pentagram in reference to Solomon.]]The Seal of Solomon (or Ring of Solomon; Arabic: خاتم سليمان‎ Khātam Sulaymān) is the signet ring attributed to King Solomon in medieval Jewish tradition and in Islamic and Western occultism. It was often depicted in either a pentagram or hexagram shape; the latter also known as the Star of David in Jewish tradition.




The difference in modern views about the symbol as such looks sometimes a bit contrived: Understanding the Differences between the Star of David and the Seal of Solomon



But for this application it remains important that the pentagram and hexagram were both used.
Cf Whitney Smith & Ottfried Neubecker: "Wappen und Flaggen aller Nationen", Battenberg: München, 1980 & Georg Eisner: "Vom Hexagramm zum Davidstern" (PDF)






share|improve this answer
































    11














    The hexagram flag is almost certainly a reference to Spanish Morocco (with which, as noted by LangLangC in his answer, Franco and his forces had a strong connection) and the Army of Africa. The Army of Africa played a key role for Franco's Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.



    These sets of stamps were issued, probably in 1939, with Franco and the hexagram.



    FRANCO, VICTORIOSO (VICTORIOUS)
    enter image description here



    Image source: ebay



    FRANCO, CAUDILLO (LEADER)
    enter image description here



    Image source: ebay



    FRANCO, GENERALISSIMO
    enter image description here



    Image source: ebay



    The ebay seller dates them 1937-39, but this flickr comment specifying 1939 seems more likely:




    This was issued by Spanish Morocco in 1939 to aid disabled soldiers in
    North Africa. On the back the price was una peseta.




    For an actual flag, there is this Bandera del Jalifa Protectorado Espanol en Marruecos (1912 - 1956):



    enter image description here



    Source: elgrancapitan.org



    Unfortunately, there is no further information on this image.



    The hexagon also appears on the emblem of the 2nd Regulares Company of Tabor Rif II




    Tabor (Regiment) Rif II was founded in 1911 by Lieutenant Colonel
    Berenguer to fight in Africa.



    The use of the six-pointed star is a peculiarity of these units. This
    star appeared in the old Moroccan silver coins, stamps and documents,
    and it was adopted to reflect the origin of the (formerly) Moroccan
    native troops recruited for these units, mostly coming from the Rif
    Mountains.




    enter image description here



    Image source: crwflags.com




    This link provided by SJuan76 shows other emblems with hexagons.



    SJuan76 has also commented that "A Moorish Guard (Guardia Mora) was kept for his [Franco's] personal security until the independence of Morocco" and has provided this additional link.






    share|improve this answer

























    • Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

      – LangLangC
      yesterday











    • @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

      – Lars Bosteen
      yesterday











    • Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

      – LangLangC
      yesterday






    • 1





      Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

      – GingerHead
      yesterday







    • 1





      Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

      – LangLangC
      yesterday










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    2 Answers
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    2 Answers
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    active

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    active

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    24














    Most probably because this is not really a star of David, but a hexagram. As such it has probably less to do with Jews, Zionists or Israel being a part of Franco's movement or even on the guest list for this occasion.



    Whether this is an occult symbol, popular with fascists, or a stylised version of an etoile, six pointed star or estrella de seis puntas, the basic pattern is widespread and used in heraldry for cities, where this meeting could have taken place.



    Example for six-points (plus: no connection to Islam, despite the crescent) Armañanzas



    Example for a Spanish nationalist or falange fighter, no connection to Jewish symbolism:




    enter image description here (src)




    That said, in this case it might simply be a reminder of the glorious origins of the falangist forces of Franco. And that is in North-Africa. The Spanish Protectorate of Morocco sported this type of flag in various variations:




    enter image description here
    Source: WP List of Moroccan flags




    But compare the apparently argent variant with Spanish Protectorate of Morocco (1912-1956) and




    The symbol of armed authority was a hexagram … Starting from the reign of the Sultans Hisham (1790/’92-’97) and Suleyman (1792-1822) the hexagram is uninterruptedly documented on coins until 1956.




    But if that sounds still like a tough sell to Catholic Spanish falangistas, either something looking like a Jewish or a Moroccan symbol, then it might be as well recognising a symbol of Mary or stella maris:




    Just like the Star of David, the Star of Mary is a Six-Pointed Hexagram



    enter image description here

    A 13th century Church in Asturias, Spain known as 'Iglesia de Santa María' (1270 A.D.)
    enter image description here




    Among the medas and insignia used in connection to the Army of Africa, the Order of the Medhauia seems to stick out:




    To reward those very distinguished and notorious facts of Spaniards and Moroccans carried out in the Zone of Morocco entrusted to the Protectorate of Spain.
    enter image description here (a) enter image description here (b)
    (a) Rifaat (equivalent to gentleman)
    Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345 -18 August 1926-
    Award period: 1926-1956
    Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
    The ribbon on which the decoration hangs is green, with a white central stripe.

    On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
    Both the Solomonic ring and the ornaments will be silver. It is suspended from the left side of the chest

    (b) Sumú-u (equivalent to the Great Cross)
    Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345–18 August 1926-
    Award period: 1926-1956
    Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
    On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
    Identical to the previous one and attached to the left side, taking, in addition, a band that crosses the chest from right to left and from whose end the second class badge hangs




    And further campaign militaria offered by wwwmilitariabcncom:




    Arm badge Moroccan Army Corps. 92 Division. Nationalist Army. Spanish Civil War. enter image description here



    Collar badge. Supervisor of the Mehala Jalifiana . (Colonial Troops). Nationalist Army.. Spanish Civil War.
    enter image description here




    And finally, a propaganda poster from that time in colour:




    enter image description here
    Venus Dictator in Furs. Painting by Paco Ibera



    Franco in furs like Bette Davis. He wears his Miss España sash in the traditional Spanish colors (as opposed to the red, yellow & purple of the Republican flag) and on his chest is a maltese cross (an order of knighthood perhaps? – this forum leads me to the Grand Cross of the Order of San Fernando). Below the cross is a pin of the symbol of the Falangists. His hand rests on a cane while his other hand holds his hat; a garrison cap with a gold tassel. He tries to strike a regal pose. Franco alone takes up nearly half of the image.



    On the lower left is a cartouche with Franco's well known and brief declaration of the end of the Spanish Civil War. In a Roman font it declares in large type "La Guerra ha terminado" (The war is over). There is probably no connection between this and John Lennon's song "War is Over."




    One of the flags in the background is either a pentagram or a hexagram flag of the caliph of Morocco.



    Perhaps clearing up some confusion:




    WP: Seal of Solomon

    The current flag of Morocco, introduced in 1915 (r. Yusef) displays a green pentagram in reference to Solomon.]]The Seal of Solomon (or Ring of Solomon; Arabic: خاتم سليمان‎ Khātam Sulaymān) is the signet ring attributed to King Solomon in medieval Jewish tradition and in Islamic and Western occultism. It was often depicted in either a pentagram or hexagram shape; the latter also known as the Star of David in Jewish tradition.




    The difference in modern views about the symbol as such looks sometimes a bit contrived: Understanding the Differences between the Star of David and the Seal of Solomon



    But for this application it remains important that the pentagram and hexagram were both used.
    Cf Whitney Smith & Ottfried Neubecker: "Wappen und Flaggen aller Nationen", Battenberg: München, 1980 & Georg Eisner: "Vom Hexagramm zum Davidstern" (PDF)






    share|improve this answer





























      24














      Most probably because this is not really a star of David, but a hexagram. As such it has probably less to do with Jews, Zionists or Israel being a part of Franco's movement or even on the guest list for this occasion.



      Whether this is an occult symbol, popular with fascists, or a stylised version of an etoile, six pointed star or estrella de seis puntas, the basic pattern is widespread and used in heraldry for cities, where this meeting could have taken place.



      Example for six-points (plus: no connection to Islam, despite the crescent) Armañanzas



      Example for a Spanish nationalist or falange fighter, no connection to Jewish symbolism:




      enter image description here (src)




      That said, in this case it might simply be a reminder of the glorious origins of the falangist forces of Franco. And that is in North-Africa. The Spanish Protectorate of Morocco sported this type of flag in various variations:




      enter image description here
      Source: WP List of Moroccan flags




      But compare the apparently argent variant with Spanish Protectorate of Morocco (1912-1956) and




      The symbol of armed authority was a hexagram … Starting from the reign of the Sultans Hisham (1790/’92-’97) and Suleyman (1792-1822) the hexagram is uninterruptedly documented on coins until 1956.




      But if that sounds still like a tough sell to Catholic Spanish falangistas, either something looking like a Jewish or a Moroccan symbol, then it might be as well recognising a symbol of Mary or stella maris:




      Just like the Star of David, the Star of Mary is a Six-Pointed Hexagram



      enter image description here

      A 13th century Church in Asturias, Spain known as 'Iglesia de Santa María' (1270 A.D.)
      enter image description here




      Among the medas and insignia used in connection to the Army of Africa, the Order of the Medhauia seems to stick out:




      To reward those very distinguished and notorious facts of Spaniards and Moroccans carried out in the Zone of Morocco entrusted to the Protectorate of Spain.
      enter image description here (a) enter image description here (b)
      (a) Rifaat (equivalent to gentleman)
      Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345 -18 August 1926-
      Award period: 1926-1956
      Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
      The ribbon on which the decoration hangs is green, with a white central stripe.

      On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
      Both the Solomonic ring and the ornaments will be silver. It is suspended from the left side of the chest

      (b) Sumú-u (equivalent to the Great Cross)
      Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345–18 August 1926-
      Award period: 1926-1956
      Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
      On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
      Identical to the previous one and attached to the left side, taking, in addition, a band that crosses the chest from right to left and from whose end the second class badge hangs




      And further campaign militaria offered by wwwmilitariabcncom:




      Arm badge Moroccan Army Corps. 92 Division. Nationalist Army. Spanish Civil War. enter image description here



      Collar badge. Supervisor of the Mehala Jalifiana . (Colonial Troops). Nationalist Army.. Spanish Civil War.
      enter image description here




      And finally, a propaganda poster from that time in colour:




      enter image description here
      Venus Dictator in Furs. Painting by Paco Ibera



      Franco in furs like Bette Davis. He wears his Miss España sash in the traditional Spanish colors (as opposed to the red, yellow & purple of the Republican flag) and on his chest is a maltese cross (an order of knighthood perhaps? – this forum leads me to the Grand Cross of the Order of San Fernando). Below the cross is a pin of the symbol of the Falangists. His hand rests on a cane while his other hand holds his hat; a garrison cap with a gold tassel. He tries to strike a regal pose. Franco alone takes up nearly half of the image.



      On the lower left is a cartouche with Franco's well known and brief declaration of the end of the Spanish Civil War. In a Roman font it declares in large type "La Guerra ha terminado" (The war is over). There is probably no connection between this and John Lennon's song "War is Over."




      One of the flags in the background is either a pentagram or a hexagram flag of the caliph of Morocco.



      Perhaps clearing up some confusion:




      WP: Seal of Solomon

      The current flag of Morocco, introduced in 1915 (r. Yusef) displays a green pentagram in reference to Solomon.]]The Seal of Solomon (or Ring of Solomon; Arabic: خاتم سليمان‎ Khātam Sulaymān) is the signet ring attributed to King Solomon in medieval Jewish tradition and in Islamic and Western occultism. It was often depicted in either a pentagram or hexagram shape; the latter also known as the Star of David in Jewish tradition.




      The difference in modern views about the symbol as such looks sometimes a bit contrived: Understanding the Differences between the Star of David and the Seal of Solomon



      But for this application it remains important that the pentagram and hexagram were both used.
      Cf Whitney Smith & Ottfried Neubecker: "Wappen und Flaggen aller Nationen", Battenberg: München, 1980 & Georg Eisner: "Vom Hexagramm zum Davidstern" (PDF)






      share|improve this answer



























        24












        24








        24







        Most probably because this is not really a star of David, but a hexagram. As such it has probably less to do with Jews, Zionists or Israel being a part of Franco's movement or even on the guest list for this occasion.



        Whether this is an occult symbol, popular with fascists, or a stylised version of an etoile, six pointed star or estrella de seis puntas, the basic pattern is widespread and used in heraldry for cities, where this meeting could have taken place.



        Example for six-points (plus: no connection to Islam, despite the crescent) Armañanzas



        Example for a Spanish nationalist or falange fighter, no connection to Jewish symbolism:




        enter image description here (src)




        That said, in this case it might simply be a reminder of the glorious origins of the falangist forces of Franco. And that is in North-Africa. The Spanish Protectorate of Morocco sported this type of flag in various variations:




        enter image description here
        Source: WP List of Moroccan flags




        But compare the apparently argent variant with Spanish Protectorate of Morocco (1912-1956) and




        The symbol of armed authority was a hexagram … Starting from the reign of the Sultans Hisham (1790/’92-’97) and Suleyman (1792-1822) the hexagram is uninterruptedly documented on coins until 1956.




        But if that sounds still like a tough sell to Catholic Spanish falangistas, either something looking like a Jewish or a Moroccan symbol, then it might be as well recognising a symbol of Mary or stella maris:




        Just like the Star of David, the Star of Mary is a Six-Pointed Hexagram



        enter image description here

        A 13th century Church in Asturias, Spain known as 'Iglesia de Santa María' (1270 A.D.)
        enter image description here




        Among the medas and insignia used in connection to the Army of Africa, the Order of the Medhauia seems to stick out:




        To reward those very distinguished and notorious facts of Spaniards and Moroccans carried out in the Zone of Morocco entrusted to the Protectorate of Spain.
        enter image description here (a) enter image description here (b)
        (a) Rifaat (equivalent to gentleman)
        Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345 -18 August 1926-
        Award period: 1926-1956
        Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
        The ribbon on which the decoration hangs is green, with a white central stripe.

        On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
        Both the Solomonic ring and the ornaments will be silver. It is suspended from the left side of the chest

        (b) Sumú-u (equivalent to the Great Cross)
        Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345–18 August 1926-
        Award period: 1926-1956
        Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
        On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
        Identical to the previous one and attached to the left side, taking, in addition, a band that crosses the chest from right to left and from whose end the second class badge hangs




        And further campaign militaria offered by wwwmilitariabcncom:




        Arm badge Moroccan Army Corps. 92 Division. Nationalist Army. Spanish Civil War. enter image description here



        Collar badge. Supervisor of the Mehala Jalifiana . (Colonial Troops). Nationalist Army.. Spanish Civil War.
        enter image description here




        And finally, a propaganda poster from that time in colour:




        enter image description here
        Venus Dictator in Furs. Painting by Paco Ibera



        Franco in furs like Bette Davis. He wears his Miss España sash in the traditional Spanish colors (as opposed to the red, yellow & purple of the Republican flag) and on his chest is a maltese cross (an order of knighthood perhaps? – this forum leads me to the Grand Cross of the Order of San Fernando). Below the cross is a pin of the symbol of the Falangists. His hand rests on a cane while his other hand holds his hat; a garrison cap with a gold tassel. He tries to strike a regal pose. Franco alone takes up nearly half of the image.



        On the lower left is a cartouche with Franco's well known and brief declaration of the end of the Spanish Civil War. In a Roman font it declares in large type "La Guerra ha terminado" (The war is over). There is probably no connection between this and John Lennon's song "War is Over."




        One of the flags in the background is either a pentagram or a hexagram flag of the caliph of Morocco.



        Perhaps clearing up some confusion:




        WP: Seal of Solomon

        The current flag of Morocco, introduced in 1915 (r. Yusef) displays a green pentagram in reference to Solomon.]]The Seal of Solomon (or Ring of Solomon; Arabic: خاتم سليمان‎ Khātam Sulaymān) is the signet ring attributed to King Solomon in medieval Jewish tradition and in Islamic and Western occultism. It was often depicted in either a pentagram or hexagram shape; the latter also known as the Star of David in Jewish tradition.




        The difference in modern views about the symbol as such looks sometimes a bit contrived: Understanding the Differences between the Star of David and the Seal of Solomon



        But for this application it remains important that the pentagram and hexagram were both used.
        Cf Whitney Smith & Ottfried Neubecker: "Wappen und Flaggen aller Nationen", Battenberg: München, 1980 & Georg Eisner: "Vom Hexagramm zum Davidstern" (PDF)






        share|improve this answer















        Most probably because this is not really a star of David, but a hexagram. As such it has probably less to do with Jews, Zionists or Israel being a part of Franco's movement or even on the guest list for this occasion.



        Whether this is an occult symbol, popular with fascists, or a stylised version of an etoile, six pointed star or estrella de seis puntas, the basic pattern is widespread and used in heraldry for cities, where this meeting could have taken place.



        Example for six-points (plus: no connection to Islam, despite the crescent) Armañanzas



        Example for a Spanish nationalist or falange fighter, no connection to Jewish symbolism:




        enter image description here (src)




        That said, in this case it might simply be a reminder of the glorious origins of the falangist forces of Franco. And that is in North-Africa. The Spanish Protectorate of Morocco sported this type of flag in various variations:




        enter image description here
        Source: WP List of Moroccan flags




        But compare the apparently argent variant with Spanish Protectorate of Morocco (1912-1956) and




        The symbol of armed authority was a hexagram … Starting from the reign of the Sultans Hisham (1790/’92-’97) and Suleyman (1792-1822) the hexagram is uninterruptedly documented on coins until 1956.




        But if that sounds still like a tough sell to Catholic Spanish falangistas, either something looking like a Jewish or a Moroccan symbol, then it might be as well recognising a symbol of Mary or stella maris:




        Just like the Star of David, the Star of Mary is a Six-Pointed Hexagram



        enter image description here

        A 13th century Church in Asturias, Spain known as 'Iglesia de Santa María' (1270 A.D.)
        enter image description here




        Among the medas and insignia used in connection to the Army of Africa, the Order of the Medhauia seems to stick out:




        To reward those very distinguished and notorious facts of Spaniards and Moroccans carried out in the Zone of Morocco entrusted to the Protectorate of Spain.
        enter image description here (a) enter image description here (b)
        (a) Rifaat (equivalent to gentleman)
        Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345 -18 August 1926-
        Award period: 1926-1956
        Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
        The ribbon on which the decoration hangs is green, with a white central stripe.

        On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
        Both the Solomonic ring and the ornaments will be silver. It is suspended from the left side of the chest

        (b) Sumú-u (equivalent to the Great Cross)
        Visirial decree of 8 of safar of 1345–18 August 1926-
        Award period: 1926-1956
        Compose the central part of the badge of an enameled circle, in which the setting Sun is represented, that is to say "The Mogreb", reflected in a blue-green sea. Circumscribed to this circle is a strip, also of enamel and of Prussian blue color, limited by a golden fillet. Everything described above is enclosed in a Solomonic ring.
        On the back, in a circle of white enamel, read the following Arabic inscription: "Muley el Mehdi Ben Ismail Ben Mohamed, glorify him God"
        Identical to the previous one and attached to the left side, taking, in addition, a band that crosses the chest from right to left and from whose end the second class badge hangs




        And further campaign militaria offered by wwwmilitariabcncom:




        Arm badge Moroccan Army Corps. 92 Division. Nationalist Army. Spanish Civil War. enter image description here



        Collar badge. Supervisor of the Mehala Jalifiana . (Colonial Troops). Nationalist Army.. Spanish Civil War.
        enter image description here




        And finally, a propaganda poster from that time in colour:




        enter image description here
        Venus Dictator in Furs. Painting by Paco Ibera



        Franco in furs like Bette Davis. He wears his Miss España sash in the traditional Spanish colors (as opposed to the red, yellow & purple of the Republican flag) and on his chest is a maltese cross (an order of knighthood perhaps? – this forum leads me to the Grand Cross of the Order of San Fernando). Below the cross is a pin of the symbol of the Falangists. His hand rests on a cane while his other hand holds his hat; a garrison cap with a gold tassel. He tries to strike a regal pose. Franco alone takes up nearly half of the image.



        On the lower left is a cartouche with Franco's well known and brief declaration of the end of the Spanish Civil War. In a Roman font it declares in large type "La Guerra ha terminado" (The war is over). There is probably no connection between this and John Lennon's song "War is Over."




        One of the flags in the background is either a pentagram or a hexagram flag of the caliph of Morocco.



        Perhaps clearing up some confusion:




        WP: Seal of Solomon

        The current flag of Morocco, introduced in 1915 (r. Yusef) displays a green pentagram in reference to Solomon.]]The Seal of Solomon (or Ring of Solomon; Arabic: خاتم سليمان‎ Khātam Sulaymān) is the signet ring attributed to King Solomon in medieval Jewish tradition and in Islamic and Western occultism. It was often depicted in either a pentagram or hexagram shape; the latter also known as the Star of David in Jewish tradition.




        The difference in modern views about the symbol as such looks sometimes a bit contrived: Understanding the Differences between the Star of David and the Seal of Solomon



        But for this application it remains important that the pentagram and hexagram were both used.
        Cf Whitney Smith & Ottfried Neubecker: "Wappen und Flaggen aller Nationen", Battenberg: München, 1980 & Georg Eisner: "Vom Hexagramm zum Davidstern" (PDF)







        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited 2 mins ago

























        answered 2 days ago









        LangLangCLangLangC

        26k584133




        26k584133





















            11














            The hexagram flag is almost certainly a reference to Spanish Morocco (with which, as noted by LangLangC in his answer, Franco and his forces had a strong connection) and the Army of Africa. The Army of Africa played a key role for Franco's Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.



            These sets of stamps were issued, probably in 1939, with Franco and the hexagram.



            FRANCO, VICTORIOSO (VICTORIOUS)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, CAUDILLO (LEADER)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, GENERALISSIMO
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            The ebay seller dates them 1937-39, but this flickr comment specifying 1939 seems more likely:




            This was issued by Spanish Morocco in 1939 to aid disabled soldiers in
            North Africa. On the back the price was una peseta.




            For an actual flag, there is this Bandera del Jalifa Protectorado Espanol en Marruecos (1912 - 1956):



            enter image description here



            Source: elgrancapitan.org



            Unfortunately, there is no further information on this image.



            The hexagon also appears on the emblem of the 2nd Regulares Company of Tabor Rif II




            Tabor (Regiment) Rif II was founded in 1911 by Lieutenant Colonel
            Berenguer to fight in Africa.



            The use of the six-pointed star is a peculiarity of these units. This
            star appeared in the old Moroccan silver coins, stamps and documents,
            and it was adopted to reflect the origin of the (formerly) Moroccan
            native troops recruited for these units, mostly coming from the Rif
            Mountains.




            enter image description here



            Image source: crwflags.com




            This link provided by SJuan76 shows other emblems with hexagons.



            SJuan76 has also commented that "A Moorish Guard (Guardia Mora) was kept for his [Franco's] personal security until the independence of Morocco" and has provided this additional link.






            share|improve this answer

























            • Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday











            • @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

              – Lars Bosteen
              yesterday











            • Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday






            • 1





              Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

              – GingerHead
              yesterday







            • 1





              Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

              – LangLangC
              yesterday















            11














            The hexagram flag is almost certainly a reference to Spanish Morocco (with which, as noted by LangLangC in his answer, Franco and his forces had a strong connection) and the Army of Africa. The Army of Africa played a key role for Franco's Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.



            These sets of stamps were issued, probably in 1939, with Franco and the hexagram.



            FRANCO, VICTORIOSO (VICTORIOUS)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, CAUDILLO (LEADER)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, GENERALISSIMO
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            The ebay seller dates them 1937-39, but this flickr comment specifying 1939 seems more likely:




            This was issued by Spanish Morocco in 1939 to aid disabled soldiers in
            North Africa. On the back the price was una peseta.




            For an actual flag, there is this Bandera del Jalifa Protectorado Espanol en Marruecos (1912 - 1956):



            enter image description here



            Source: elgrancapitan.org



            Unfortunately, there is no further information on this image.



            The hexagon also appears on the emblem of the 2nd Regulares Company of Tabor Rif II




            Tabor (Regiment) Rif II was founded in 1911 by Lieutenant Colonel
            Berenguer to fight in Africa.



            The use of the six-pointed star is a peculiarity of these units. This
            star appeared in the old Moroccan silver coins, stamps and documents,
            and it was adopted to reflect the origin of the (formerly) Moroccan
            native troops recruited for these units, mostly coming from the Rif
            Mountains.




            enter image description here



            Image source: crwflags.com




            This link provided by SJuan76 shows other emblems with hexagons.



            SJuan76 has also commented that "A Moorish Guard (Guardia Mora) was kept for his [Franco's] personal security until the independence of Morocco" and has provided this additional link.






            share|improve this answer

























            • Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday











            • @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

              – Lars Bosteen
              yesterday











            • Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday






            • 1





              Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

              – GingerHead
              yesterday







            • 1





              Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

              – LangLangC
              yesterday













            11












            11








            11







            The hexagram flag is almost certainly a reference to Spanish Morocco (with which, as noted by LangLangC in his answer, Franco and his forces had a strong connection) and the Army of Africa. The Army of Africa played a key role for Franco's Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.



            These sets of stamps were issued, probably in 1939, with Franco and the hexagram.



            FRANCO, VICTORIOSO (VICTORIOUS)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, CAUDILLO (LEADER)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, GENERALISSIMO
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            The ebay seller dates them 1937-39, but this flickr comment specifying 1939 seems more likely:




            This was issued by Spanish Morocco in 1939 to aid disabled soldiers in
            North Africa. On the back the price was una peseta.




            For an actual flag, there is this Bandera del Jalifa Protectorado Espanol en Marruecos (1912 - 1956):



            enter image description here



            Source: elgrancapitan.org



            Unfortunately, there is no further information on this image.



            The hexagon also appears on the emblem of the 2nd Regulares Company of Tabor Rif II




            Tabor (Regiment) Rif II was founded in 1911 by Lieutenant Colonel
            Berenguer to fight in Africa.



            The use of the six-pointed star is a peculiarity of these units. This
            star appeared in the old Moroccan silver coins, stamps and documents,
            and it was adopted to reflect the origin of the (formerly) Moroccan
            native troops recruited for these units, mostly coming from the Rif
            Mountains.




            enter image description here



            Image source: crwflags.com




            This link provided by SJuan76 shows other emblems with hexagons.



            SJuan76 has also commented that "A Moorish Guard (Guardia Mora) was kept for his [Franco's] personal security until the independence of Morocco" and has provided this additional link.






            share|improve this answer















            The hexagram flag is almost certainly a reference to Spanish Morocco (with which, as noted by LangLangC in his answer, Franco and his forces had a strong connection) and the Army of Africa. The Army of Africa played a key role for Franco's Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.



            These sets of stamps were issued, probably in 1939, with Franco and the hexagram.



            FRANCO, VICTORIOSO (VICTORIOUS)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, CAUDILLO (LEADER)
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            FRANCO, GENERALISSIMO
            enter image description here



            Image source: ebay



            The ebay seller dates them 1937-39, but this flickr comment specifying 1939 seems more likely:




            This was issued by Spanish Morocco in 1939 to aid disabled soldiers in
            North Africa. On the back the price was una peseta.




            For an actual flag, there is this Bandera del Jalifa Protectorado Espanol en Marruecos (1912 - 1956):



            enter image description here



            Source: elgrancapitan.org



            Unfortunately, there is no further information on this image.



            The hexagon also appears on the emblem of the 2nd Regulares Company of Tabor Rif II




            Tabor (Regiment) Rif II was founded in 1911 by Lieutenant Colonel
            Berenguer to fight in Africa.



            The use of the six-pointed star is a peculiarity of these units. This
            star appeared in the old Moroccan silver coins, stamps and documents,
            and it was adopted to reflect the origin of the (formerly) Moroccan
            native troops recruited for these units, mostly coming from the Rif
            Mountains.




            enter image description here



            Image source: crwflags.com




            This link provided by SJuan76 shows other emblems with hexagons.



            SJuan76 has also commented that "A Moorish Guard (Guardia Mora) was kept for his [Franco's] personal security until the independence of Morocco" and has provided this additional link.







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited 6 hours ago

























            answered yesterday









            Lars BosteenLars Bosteen

            42.1k9192263




            42.1k9192263












            • Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday











            • @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

              – Lars Bosteen
              yesterday











            • Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday






            • 1





              Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

              – GingerHead
              yesterday







            • 1





              Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

              – LangLangC
              yesterday

















            • Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday











            • @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

              – Lars Bosteen
              yesterday











            • Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

              – LangLangC
              yesterday






            • 1





              Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

              – GingerHead
              yesterday







            • 1





              Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

              – LangLangC
              yesterday
















            Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

            – LangLangC
            yesterday





            Excellent finds. But the tiradores use a pentagram, in this picture. But I was also really eager to find a six-pointer for one of these units.

            – LangLangC
            yesterday













            @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

            – Lars Bosteen
            yesterday





            @LangLangC Hmm, guess I need another eye check-up.... Thanks for pointing it out.

            – Lars Bosteen
            yesterday













            Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

            – LangLangC
            yesterday





            Oh, I so want them to have danced between penta and hexa for this… And there are other units with Africa relations. Deep in clouded memory also lurks a six-pointer that's connected to Legion Condor.

            – LangLangC
            yesterday




            1




            1





            Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

            – GingerHead
            yesterday






            Check out this link, it explains a bit: fotw.info/flags/ma_es.html

            – GingerHead
            yesterday





            1




            1





            Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

            – LangLangC
            yesterday





            Your second link seems to also reference a pentagram? My guess is that WP has an 'updated version' for this. Finding a picture that has a hexagram and reference such a big army unit would be the holy grail for this Q

            – LangLangC
            yesterday

















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Hall Of Fame””Slayer Wins 'Best Metal' Grammy Award””Slayer Guitarist Jeff Hanneman Dies””Bullet-For My Valentine booed at Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards””Unholy Aliance””The End Of Slayer?””Slayer: We Could Thrash Out Two More Albums If We're Fast Enough...””'The Unholy Alliance: Chapter III' UK Dates Added”originalet”Megadeth And Slayer To Co-Headline 'Canadian Carnage' Trek”originalet”World Painted Blood””Release “World Painted Blood” by Slayer””Metallica Heading To Cinemas””Slayer, Megadeth To Join Forces For 'European Carnage' Tour - Dec. 18, 2010”originalet”Slayer's Hanneman Contracts Acute Infection; Band To Bring In Guest Guitarist””Cannibal Corpse's Pat O'Brien Will Step In As Slayer's Guest Guitarist”originalet”Slayer’s Jeff Hanneman Dead at 49””Dave Lombardo Says He Made Only $67,000 In 2011 While Touring With Slayer””Slayer: We Do Not Agree With Dave Lombardo's Substance Or Timeline Of Events””Slayer Welcomes Drummer Paul Bostaph Back To The Fold””Slayer Hope to Unveil Never-Before-Heard Jeff Hanneman Material on Next Album””Slayer Debut New Song 'Implode' During Surprise Golden Gods Appearance””Release group Repentless by Slayer””Repentless - Slayer - Credits””Slayer””Metal Storm Awards 2015””Slayer - to release comic book "Repentless #1"””Slayer To Release 'Repentless' 6.66" Vinyl Box Set””BREAKING NEWS: Slayer Announce Farewell Tour””Slayer Recruit Lamb of God, Anthrax, Behemoth + Testament for Final Tour””Slayer lägger ner efter 37 år””Slayer Announces Second North American Leg Of 'Final' Tour””Final World Tour””Slayer Announces Final European Tour With Lamb of God, Anthrax And Obituary””Slayer To Tour Europe With Lamb of God, Anthrax And Obituary””Slayer To Play 'Last French Show Ever' At Next Year's Hellfst””Slayer's Final World Tour Will Extend Into 2019””Death Angel's Rob Cavestany On Slayer's 'Farewell' Tour: 'Some Of Us Could See This Coming'””Testament Has No Plans To Retire Anytime Soon, Says Chuck Billy””Anthrax's Scott Ian On Slayer's 'Farewell' Tour Plans: 'I Was Surprised And I Wasn't Surprised'””Slayer””Slayer's Morbid Schlock””Review/Rock; For Slayer, the Mania Is the Message””Slayer - Biography””Slayer - Reign In Blood”originalet”Dave Lombardo””An exclusive oral history of Slayer”originalet”Exclusive! Interview With Slayer Guitarist Jeff Hanneman”originalet”Thinking Out Loud: Slayer's Kerry King on hair metal, Satan and being polite””Slayer Lyrics””Slayer - Biography””Most influential artists for extreme metal music””Slayer - Reign in Blood””Slayer guitarist Jeff Hanneman dies aged 49””Slatanic Slaughter: A Tribute to Slayer””Gateway to Hell: A Tribute to Slayer””Covered In Blood””Slayer: The Origins of Thrash in San Francisco, CA.””Why They Rule - #6 Slayer”originalet”Guitar World's 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists Of All Time”originalet”The fans have spoken: Slayer comes out on top in readers' polls”originalet”Tribute to Jeff Hanneman (1964-2013)””Lamb Of God Frontman: We Sound Like A Slayer Rip-Off””BEHEMOTH Frontman Pays Tribute To SLAYER's JEFF HANNEMAN””Slayer, Hatebreed Doing Double Duty On This Year's Ozzfest””System of a Down””Lacuna Coil’s Andrea Ferro Talks Influences, Skateboarding, Band Origins + More””Slayer - Reign in Blood””Into The Lungs of Hell””Slayer rules - en utställning om fans””Slayer and Their Fans Slashed Through a No-Holds-Barred Night at Gas Monkey””Home””Slayer””Gold & Platinum - The Big 4 Live from Sofia, Bulgaria””Exclusive! Interview With Slayer Guitarist Kerry King””2008-02-23: Wiltern, Los Angeles, CA, USA””Slayer's Kerry King To Perform With Megadeth Tonight! - Oct. 21, 2010”originalet”Dave Lombardo - Biography”Slayer Case DismissedArkiveradUltimate Classic Rock: Slayer guitarist Jeff Hanneman dead at 49.”Slayer: "We could never do any thing like Some Kind Of Monster..."””Cannibal Corpse'S Pat O'Brien Will Step In As Slayer'S Guest Guitarist | The Official Slayer Site”originalet”Slayer Wins 'Best Metal' Grammy Award””Slayer Guitarist Jeff Hanneman Dies””Kerrang! Awards 2006 Blog: Kerrang! Hall Of Fame””Kerrang! Awards 2013: Kerrang! Legend”originalet”Metallica, Slayer, Iron Maien Among Winners At Metal Hammer Awards””Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards””Bullet For My Valentine Booed At Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards””Metal Storm Awards 2006””Metal Storm Awards 2015””Slayer's Concert History””Slayer - Relationships””Slayer - Releases”Slayers officiella webbplatsSlayer på MusicBrainzOfficiell webbplatsSlayerSlayerr1373445760000 0001 1540 47353068615-5086262726cb13906545x(data)6033143kn20030215029