Why is a polar cone a closed set?Excercise of Convex AnalysisWhat is the name of this object?Find the Polar of a set.Polar of revolution coneHow to prove the following cone theoremThe polar of an unit disc is itselfFinding the polar cone of the given conePolar cone of the Polar cone of $K$ a closed convex cone is again $K$Question about dual coneConvex cones in $Bbb R^n$

Is there any common country to visit for uk and schengen visa?

Pre-Employment Background Check With Consent For Future Checks

Don't understand why (5 | -2) > 0 is False where (5 or -2) > 0 is True

Improve appearance of matrices as arrow labels in tikz-cd

What is the tangent at a sharp point on a curve?

Someone scrambled my calling sign- who am I?

What kind of footwear is suitable for walking in micro gravity environment?

Determine voltage drop over 10G resistors with cheap multimeter

Why does Surtur say that Thor is Asgard's doom?

Exit shell with shortcut (not typing exit) that closes session properly

Would this string work as string?

Why didn’t Eve recognize the little cockroach as a living organism?

Splitting fasta file into smaller files based on header pattern

Does fire aspect on a sword, destroy mob drops?

Inhabiting Mars versus going straight for a Dyson swarm

Hey isn't the word *experience* wrongly used in this context

Unfrosted light bulb

Why is participating in the European Parliamentary elections used as a threat?

How much propellant is used up until liftoff?

Does Shadow Sorcerer's Eyes of the Dark work on all magical darkness or just his/hers?

Bash prompt display HH:MM:SS

TDE Master Key Rotation

How to balance a monster modification (zombie)?

Have any astronauts/cosmonauts died in space?



Why is a polar cone a closed set?


Excercise of Convex AnalysisWhat is the name of this object?Find the Polar of a set.Polar of revolution coneHow to prove the following cone theoremThe polar of an unit disc is itselfFinding the polar cone of the given conePolar cone of the Polar cone of $K$ a closed convex cone is again $K$Question about dual coneConvex cones in $Bbb R^n$













5












$begingroup$


Let $X subset mathbbR^n$. We define the polar cone as



$$Xº:=,langle u,xrangleleq 0,forall uin X$$



How can I show that this set is closed?



If I fix some $uin X$ then I have that $,langle u,xrangleleq 0$ is a closed halfspace; but if $X$ is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    What does $u'x$ mean?
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    probably inter product with $u'$ the tranpose
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    @JoséCarlosSantos Usual product in $mathbbR^n$. Edited.
    $endgroup$
    – Lecter
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    why the intersection of closed sets is not a close set?
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @dmtri It's done.
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday















5












$begingroup$


Let $X subset mathbbR^n$. We define the polar cone as



$$Xº:=,langle u,xrangleleq 0,forall uin X$$



How can I show that this set is closed?



If I fix some $uin X$ then I have that $,langle u,xrangleleq 0$ is a closed halfspace; but if $X$ is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    What does $u'x$ mean?
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    probably inter product with $u'$ the tranpose
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    @JoséCarlosSantos Usual product in $mathbbR^n$. Edited.
    $endgroup$
    – Lecter
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    why the intersection of closed sets is not a close set?
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @dmtri It's done.
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday













5












5








5


1



$begingroup$


Let $X subset mathbbR^n$. We define the polar cone as



$$Xº:=,langle u,xrangleleq 0,forall uin X$$



How can I show that this set is closed?



If I fix some $uin X$ then I have that $,langle u,xrangleleq 0$ is a closed halfspace; but if $X$ is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




Let $X subset mathbbR^n$. We define the polar cone as



$$Xº:=,langle u,xrangleleq 0,forall uin X$$



How can I show that this set is closed?



If I fix some $uin X$ then I have that $,langle u,xrangleleq 0$ is a closed halfspace; but if $X$ is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).







general-topology convex-analysis






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited yesterday









Rodrigo de Azevedo

13.1k41960




13.1k41960










asked yesterday









LecterLecter

11210




11210







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    What does $u'x$ mean?
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    probably inter product with $u'$ the tranpose
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    @JoséCarlosSantos Usual product in $mathbbR^n$. Edited.
    $endgroup$
    – Lecter
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    why the intersection of closed sets is not a close set?
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @dmtri It's done.
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday












  • 2




    $begingroup$
    What does $u'x$ mean?
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    probably inter product with $u'$ the tranpose
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday











  • $begingroup$
    @JoséCarlosSantos Usual product in $mathbbR^n$. Edited.
    $endgroup$
    – Lecter
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    why the intersection of closed sets is not a close set?
    $endgroup$
    – dmtri
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @dmtri It's done.
    $endgroup$
    – José Carlos Santos
    yesterday







2




2




$begingroup$
What does $u'x$ mean?
$endgroup$
– José Carlos Santos
yesterday





$begingroup$
What does $u'x$ mean?
$endgroup$
– José Carlos Santos
yesterday













$begingroup$
probably inter product with $u'$ the tranpose
$endgroup$
– dmtri
yesterday





$begingroup$
probably inter product with $u'$ the tranpose
$endgroup$
– dmtri
yesterday













$begingroup$
@JoséCarlosSantos Usual product in $mathbbR^n$. Edited.
$endgroup$
– Lecter
yesterday




$begingroup$
@JoséCarlosSantos Usual product in $mathbbR^n$. Edited.
$endgroup$
– Lecter
yesterday




1




1




$begingroup$
why the intersection of closed sets is not a close set?
$endgroup$
– dmtri
yesterday




$begingroup$
why the intersection of closed sets is not a close set?
$endgroup$
– dmtri
yesterday




1




1




$begingroup$
@dmtri It's done.
$endgroup$
– José Carlos Santos
yesterday




$begingroup$
@dmtri It's done.
$endgroup$
– José Carlos Santos
yesterday










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















7












$begingroup$

Actually, your argument works: $X^0$ is closed because it can be expressed as an intersection of closed sets.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$




















    7












    $begingroup$


    if 𝑋 is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).




    Yes you can. One of the axioms of topology is that any union of open sets is open. (This is easy to show directly for the standard topology on a metric space).



    Taking complements, you get that any intersection of closed sets is closed.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$












      Your Answer





      StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function ()
      return StackExchange.using("mathjaxEditing", function ()
      StackExchange.MarkdownEditor.creationCallbacks.add(function (editor, postfix)
      StackExchange.mathjaxEditing.prepareWmdForMathJax(editor, postfix, [["$", "$"], ["\\(","\\)"]]);
      );
      );
      , "mathjax-editing");

      StackExchange.ready(function()
      var channelOptions =
      tags: "".split(" "),
      id: "69"
      ;
      initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

      StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
      // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
      if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
      StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
      createEditor();
      );

      else
      createEditor();

      );

      function createEditor()
      StackExchange.prepareEditor(
      heartbeatType: 'answer',
      autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
      convertImagesToLinks: true,
      noModals: true,
      showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
      reputationToPostImages: 10,
      bindNavPrevention: true,
      postfix: "",
      imageUploader:
      brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
      contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
      allowUrls: true
      ,
      noCode: true, onDemand: true,
      discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
      ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
      );



      );













      draft saved

      draft discarded


















      StackExchange.ready(
      function ()
      StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3151318%2fwhy-is-a-polar-cone-a-closed-set%23new-answer', 'question_page');

      );

      Post as a guest















      Required, but never shown

























      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes








      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      7












      $begingroup$

      Actually, your argument works: $X^0$ is closed because it can be expressed as an intersection of closed sets.






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$

















        7












        $begingroup$

        Actually, your argument works: $X^0$ is closed because it can be expressed as an intersection of closed sets.






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$















          7












          7








          7





          $begingroup$

          Actually, your argument works: $X^0$ is closed because it can be expressed as an intersection of closed sets.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$



          Actually, your argument works: $X^0$ is closed because it can be expressed as an intersection of closed sets.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered yesterday









          José Carlos SantosJosé Carlos Santos

          168k23132236




          168k23132236





















              7












              $begingroup$


              if 𝑋 is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).




              Yes you can. One of the axioms of topology is that any union of open sets is open. (This is easy to show directly for the standard topology on a metric space).



              Taking complements, you get that any intersection of closed sets is closed.






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$

















                7












                $begingroup$


                if 𝑋 is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).




                Yes you can. One of the axioms of topology is that any union of open sets is open. (This is easy to show directly for the standard topology on a metric space).



                Taking complements, you get that any intersection of closed sets is closed.






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$















                  7












                  7








                  7





                  $begingroup$


                  if 𝑋 is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).




                  Yes you can. One of the axioms of topology is that any union of open sets is open. (This is easy to show directly for the standard topology on a metric space).



                  Taking complements, you get that any intersection of closed sets is closed.






                  share|cite|improve this answer









                  $endgroup$




                  if 𝑋 is infinite we can't conclude that the intersection of closed sets is also a closed set (as far as we are talking in terms of usual topology).




                  Yes you can. One of the axioms of topology is that any union of open sets is open. (This is easy to show directly for the standard topology on a metric space).



                  Taking complements, you get that any intersection of closed sets is closed.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered yesterday









                  Henning MakholmHenning Makholm

                  242k17308550




                  242k17308550



























                      draft saved

                      draft discarded
















































                      Thanks for contributing an answer to Mathematics Stack Exchange!


                      • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

                      But avoid


                      • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

                      • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

                      Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.


                      To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




                      draft saved


                      draft discarded














                      StackExchange.ready(
                      function ()
                      StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3151318%2fwhy-is-a-polar-cone-a-closed-set%23new-answer', 'question_page');

                      );

                      Post as a guest















                      Required, but never shown





















































                      Required, but never shown














                      Required, but never shown












                      Required, but never shown







                      Required, but never shown

































                      Required, but never shown














                      Required, but never shown












                      Required, but never shown







                      Required, but never shown







                      Popular posts from this blog

                      Færeyskur hestur Heimild | Tengill | Tilvísanir | LeiðsagnarvalRossið - síða um færeyska hrossið á færeyskuGott ár hjá færeyska hestinum

                      He _____ here since 1970 . Answer needed [closed]What does “since he was so high” mean?Meaning of “catch birds for”?How do I ensure “since” takes the meaning I want?“Who cares here” meaningWhat does “right round toward” mean?the time tense (had now been detected)What does the phrase “ring around the roses” mean here?Correct usage of “visited upon”Meaning of “foiled rail sabotage bid”It was the third time I had gone to Rome or It is the third time I had been to Rome

                      Slayer Innehåll Historia | Stil, komposition och lyrik | Bandets betydelse och framgångar | Sidoprojekt och samarbeten | Kontroverser | Medlemmar | Utmärkelser och nomineringar | Turnéer och festivaler | Diskografi | Referenser | Externa länkar | Navigeringsmenywww.slayer.net”Metal Massacre vol. 1””Metal Massacre vol. 3””Metal Massacre Volume III””Show No Mercy””Haunting the Chapel””Live Undead””Hell Awaits””Reign in Blood””Reign in Blood””Gold & Platinum – Reign in Blood””Golden Gods Awards Winners”originalet”Kerrang! Hall Of Fame””Slayer Looks Back On 37-Year Career In New Video Series: Part Two””South of Heaven””Gold & Platinum – South of Heaven””Seasons in the Abyss””Gold & Platinum - Seasons in the Abyss””Divine Intervention””Divine Intervention - Release group by Slayer””Gold & Platinum - Divine Intervention””Live Intrusion””Undisputed Attitude””Abolish Government/Superficial Love””Release “Slatanic Slaughter: A Tribute to Slayer” by Various Artists””Diabolus in Musica””Soundtrack to the Apocalypse””God Hates Us All””Systematic - Relationships””War at the Warfield””Gold & Platinum - War at the Warfield””Soundtrack to the Apocalypse””Gold & Platinum - Still Reigning””Metallica, Slayer, Iron Mauden Among Winners At Metal Hammer Awards””Eternal Pyre””Eternal Pyre - Slayer release group””Eternal Pyre””Metal Storm Awards 2006””Kerrang! Hall Of Fame””Slayer Wins 'Best Metal' Grammy Award””Slayer Guitarist Jeff Hanneman Dies””Bullet-For My Valentine booed at Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards””Unholy Aliance””The End Of Slayer?””Slayer: We Could Thrash Out Two More Albums If We're Fast Enough...””'The Unholy Alliance: Chapter III' UK Dates Added”originalet”Megadeth And Slayer To Co-Headline 'Canadian Carnage' Trek”originalet”World Painted Blood””Release “World Painted Blood” by Slayer””Metallica Heading To Cinemas””Slayer, Megadeth To Join Forces For 'European Carnage' Tour - Dec. 18, 2010”originalet”Slayer's Hanneman Contracts Acute Infection; Band To Bring In Guest Guitarist””Cannibal Corpse's Pat O'Brien Will Step In As Slayer's Guest Guitarist”originalet”Slayer’s Jeff Hanneman Dead at 49””Dave Lombardo Says He Made Only $67,000 In 2011 While Touring With Slayer””Slayer: We Do Not Agree With Dave Lombardo's Substance Or Timeline Of Events””Slayer Welcomes Drummer Paul Bostaph Back To The Fold””Slayer Hope to Unveil Never-Before-Heard Jeff Hanneman Material on Next Album””Slayer Debut New Song 'Implode' During Surprise Golden Gods Appearance””Release group Repentless by Slayer””Repentless - Slayer - Credits””Slayer””Metal Storm Awards 2015””Slayer - to release comic book "Repentless #1"””Slayer To Release 'Repentless' 6.66" Vinyl Box Set””BREAKING NEWS: Slayer Announce Farewell Tour””Slayer Recruit Lamb of God, Anthrax, Behemoth + Testament for Final Tour””Slayer lägger ner efter 37 år””Slayer Announces Second North American Leg Of 'Final' Tour””Final World Tour””Slayer Announces Final European Tour With Lamb of God, Anthrax And Obituary””Slayer To Tour Europe With Lamb of God, Anthrax And Obituary””Slayer To Play 'Last French Show Ever' At Next Year's Hellfst””Slayer's Final World Tour Will Extend Into 2019””Death Angel's Rob Cavestany On Slayer's 'Farewell' Tour: 'Some Of Us Could See This Coming'””Testament Has No Plans To Retire Anytime Soon, Says Chuck Billy””Anthrax's Scott Ian On Slayer's 'Farewell' Tour Plans: 'I Was Surprised And I Wasn't Surprised'””Slayer””Slayer's Morbid Schlock””Review/Rock; For Slayer, the Mania Is the Message””Slayer - Biography””Slayer - Reign In Blood”originalet”Dave Lombardo””An exclusive oral history of Slayer”originalet”Exclusive! Interview With Slayer Guitarist Jeff Hanneman”originalet”Thinking Out Loud: Slayer's Kerry King on hair metal, Satan and being polite””Slayer Lyrics””Slayer - Biography””Most influential artists for extreme metal music””Slayer - Reign in Blood””Slayer guitarist Jeff Hanneman dies aged 49””Slatanic Slaughter: A Tribute to Slayer””Gateway to Hell: A Tribute to Slayer””Covered In Blood””Slayer: The Origins of Thrash in San Francisco, CA.””Why They Rule - #6 Slayer”originalet”Guitar World's 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists Of All Time”originalet”The fans have spoken: Slayer comes out on top in readers' polls”originalet”Tribute to Jeff Hanneman (1964-2013)””Lamb Of God Frontman: We Sound Like A Slayer Rip-Off””BEHEMOTH Frontman Pays Tribute To SLAYER's JEFF HANNEMAN””Slayer, Hatebreed Doing Double Duty On This Year's Ozzfest””System of a Down””Lacuna Coil’s Andrea Ferro Talks Influences, Skateboarding, Band Origins + More””Slayer - Reign in Blood””Into The Lungs of Hell””Slayer rules - en utställning om fans””Slayer and Their Fans Slashed Through a No-Holds-Barred Night at Gas Monkey””Home””Slayer””Gold & Platinum - The Big 4 Live from Sofia, Bulgaria””Exclusive! Interview With Slayer Guitarist Kerry King””2008-02-23: Wiltern, Los Angeles, CA, USA””Slayer's Kerry King To Perform With Megadeth Tonight! - Oct. 21, 2010”originalet”Dave Lombardo - Biography”Slayer Case DismissedArkiveradUltimate Classic Rock: Slayer guitarist Jeff Hanneman dead at 49.”Slayer: "We could never do any thing like Some Kind Of Monster..."””Cannibal Corpse'S Pat O'Brien Will Step In As Slayer'S Guest Guitarist | The Official Slayer Site”originalet”Slayer Wins 'Best Metal' Grammy Award””Slayer Guitarist Jeff Hanneman Dies””Kerrang! Awards 2006 Blog: Kerrang! Hall Of Fame””Kerrang! Awards 2013: Kerrang! Legend”originalet”Metallica, Slayer, Iron Maien Among Winners At Metal Hammer Awards””Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards””Bullet For My Valentine Booed At Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards””Metal Storm Awards 2006””Metal Storm Awards 2015””Slayer's Concert History””Slayer - Relationships””Slayer - Releases”Slayers officiella webbplatsSlayer på MusicBrainzOfficiell webbplatsSlayerSlayerr1373445760000 0001 1540 47353068615-5086262726cb13906545x(data)6033143kn20030215029