HMS «Challenger» (1858)








































































HMS Challenger
Karriere
Banneret til Royal Navy
Namn:
HMS «Challenger»
Verft:
Woolwich Dockyard
Sjøsett:
13. februar 1858
Teke ut av teneste:
Chatham Dockyard, 1878
Lagnad:
Opphogd 1921
Generelle mål
Klasse og type:
Korvett
Deplasement:
2171 tonn[1]
Daudvekt:
1465 bm[1]
Lengd:
68,66 m totallengde
61 m (kanondekk)
Breidd:
12,29 m
Draft:
5,28 m (framme)
5,74 m (bak)
Framdrift:
  • 2-sylinders trunkmaskin[1]

Seglplan:
Fullriggar
Fart:
10,7 knop (damp)
Utrusting:
  • 20 x 8-tommars munningsladde

glattløpa kanonar på breisidene

  • 1 x 10-tommar munningsladde glattløpa

dreieleg opphengt kanon i baugen


HMS «Challenger» var ein dampdriven korvett i Pearl-klassen i Royal Navy (den britiske marinen). Det vart sjøsett 13. februar 1858 ved Woolwich Dockyard. «Challenger» var flaggskipet til Australia Station mellom 1866 og 1870.[2]


Skipet vart bestilt som eit skuleskip for den britiske kystvakta og Royal Naval Reserve ved Harwich i juli 1876.[2]


Som ein del av North America and West Indies Station tok «Challenger» i 1862 del i operasjonane mot Mexico, inkludert okkupasjonen av Vera Cruz. Det vart flaggskipet til Australia Station i 1866 og i 1868 vart det gjort straffeoperasjonar mot somme folk på Fiji for å hemne mordet på ein misjonær og somme av hjelparane hans. Skipet drog ut frå Australian Station seint i 1870.[2]


«Challenger» vart vald ut til å utføre den første globale marine forskingsekspedisjonen, Challenger-ekspedisjonen. For å kunne gjere sondemålignar i djupna måtte alle utanom to av kanonane på skipet fjernast og rundholtane måtte gjerast kortare for å gje meir plass. Laboratorium, ekstra lugarar og ein spesialbygd dreggdekk vart bygt. Skipet vart lasta med glaskolbar, alkohol for bevaring av prøvane, mikroskop og kjemiske apparat, trål og dregg, termometer og vassprøveflasker, sondelodd og utstyr for å hente opp sediment frå havbotnen, og store mengder tau for å heise utstyret ned i havdjupna. I alt hadde skipet med 291 km med italiensk hamp.


«Challenger» hadde eit mannskap på 243 offiserar, vitskapsfolk og mannskap på reisa som var på 68 890-nautisk-mil (127 580 km).


Trass i suksessen med Challenger-ekspedisjonen, leid «Challenger» ein skamleg lagnad. Skipet vart seld til Chatham Dockyards i 1878 og vart verande i reserve fram til 1883, då det vart ombygd til losjiskip i River Medway. Her vart det verande til det vart seld til J. B. Garnham den 6. januar 1921 og hogd opp for koparbotnen i 1921.[2]


Berre gallionsfiguren er att frå skipet. Dette står på utstilling i foajeen til National Oceanography Centre i Southampton. Den amerikanske romferja «Challenger» vart kalla opp etter dette skipet.[3]



Bilete |




Kjelder |





  • Denne artikkelen bygger på «HMS Challenger (1858)» frå Wikipedia på engelsk, den 23. november 2012.
    • Wikipedia på engelsk oppgav desse kjeldene:


  • Bastock, John (1988), Ships on the Au Station, Child & Associates Publishing Pty Ltd; Frenchs Forest, Australia. ISBN 0-86777-348-0


  • Winfield, Rif; Lyon, David (2004). The Sail and Steam Navy List: All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815–1889. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-032-6. OCLC 52620555. 





  1. 1,01,11,2 Winfield (2004) p.209


  2. 2,02,12,22,3 Bastock, s. 47-48.


  3. Space Shuttle Challenger at the Kennedy Space Centre website.






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